TRMT10A associated RNA targets

Dynamic regulation of modifications in mRNA and tRNA is a significant regulatory mechanism in gene expression. Among those RNA species, transfer RNA (tRNA) is the most extensively modified. tRNA modifications are known to be critical for the stability and translation fidelity of tRNA molecules. TRMT10A is tRNA modifying enzymes and is a S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferases that installs N1-methylguanosine (m1G) in tRNAs at the ninth position. Previous efforts in characterizing the tRNA substrates of TRMT10A were done in yeast. The entire substrate repertoire of TRMT10A in human cells has not been fully revealed, although tRNAGln and tRNAGly are confirmed as substrates of human TRMT10A. Mutations in TRMT10A have been observed in patients with young-onset diabetes syndrome and primary microcephaly-mild intellectual disability, and recent studies suggested that deficiency of TRMT10A can induce apoptosis in pancreatic cells, consistent with the correlation with diabetes. However, the mechanism by which deficiency of TRMT10A is linked to the disease phenotype remains enigmatic. Here, we identified the modifications on RNA species influenced by TRMT10A by using a combination of sequencing and biochemical tools.