Rescuing early Parkinson-induced hyposmia prevents dopaminergic system failure [human]

The diagnosis of Parkinsonism is based on motor symptoms that are caused by reduced dopaminergic output However, decades earlier, patients report non-motoric problems, including hyposmia It is not known if non-motor and motor defects are causally connected Here we used single-cell transcriptome sequencing (10x) of young and olf fly mutants (whole brain) and human patients (three regions: nucleus basalis of Meynert, nucleus accumbens and putamen). This atlas reveals early defects in cholinergic neurons that are recapitulaed across species