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Early-stage idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by bronchoalveolar accumulation of SPP1+ macrophages

GSE252465 Homo sapiens (human) Single-cell RNA-seq 16 samples Submitted 2026/02/07 Platform GPL24676
At a glance

Single-cell RNA-seq · human · 16 samples

What it is
Single-cell RNA-seqGene activity measured in thousands of individual cells, so cell types can be told apart. Read from the summary: GEO's own type field only says 'expression profiling by sequencing', so confirm it in the paper.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
16 samples: 11 × IPFYu vs 5 × ControlYuGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Summary (written by the submitters)
Patients affected by idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a progressive chronic and eventually fatal lung disease with unknown causes, suffer from delayed diagnosis due to the lack of predictive markers for disease development. Prior studies focused on the cellular and transcriptomic changes found in lung tissue during established, often terminal, lung disease.
Read the full summary ↓
In clinical routine, bronchoscopy is applied for diagnosis and staging of suspected IPF affected individuals, thus providing us with a clinically applicable window, to study the cellular and transcriptional changes within affected individuals. Here we study a patient collective consisting of 11 IPF affected individuals and 11 healthy controls. We investigate their single cell transcriptomic profile alongside their cellular surface phenotype of alveolar-resident immune cells. Single cell transcriptional analysis reveals early accumulation of SPP1+ macrophages (SPP1+M) within the alveolar space as an early cellular sign of IPF, in the absence of a decline in lung function. Early-stage IPF accumulated SPP1+M were characterized by high expression of lipid storage and handling genes, accumulation of intracellular cholesterol and expression of proinflammatory cytokine expression. In silico developmental trajectory analysis revealed that SPP1+M are likely derived from monocytes. Finally to confirm the clinical diagnostic value of SPP1+ M we developed a flow cytometry panel to rapidly identify and test for the presence of SPP1+ M in bronchoalveolar lavage samples and confirm our observation in an independent validation cohort. Taken together, we show that SPP1+ M are associated with early IPF pathogenesis in the absence of an obvious decline in lung function, thus providing a clinically valuable markers for easy diagnosis of early IPF in clinical practice.
This dataset
Open GSE252465 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE252465_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: Single-cell studies usually ship their counts as 10x files (matrix.mtx, barcodes.tsv, features.tsv), an .h5 file, or an .rds / .h5ad object that Seurat or Scanpy can open. Look for those among the supplementary files.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1060696 and SRA study SRP483185. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗
Study design
11 × IPFYu vs 5 × ControlYu

Supports a between-group comparison across 16 samples.

How we read this: 2 replicated groups read from 16 sample titles; they account for 16 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
Datasets on a similar topic

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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.