Single-cell sequencing of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived ventral midbrain astrocytes

Regional specificity of stem cell-derived astrocytes is believed to be an important prerequisite for their applications in disease modelling and cell-based therapies. The regional identity of these astrocytes is often defined by the positional characteristics of their antecedent, stem cell-derived neural progenitors patterned to a fate of interest, with the assumption that the positional specification is to be preserved by the derived astrocytes. Using a human iPSC line designed for tracing midbrain floor plate derivatives, here we show that lineage composition of the derived astrocytes is not a faithful recapitulation of the founder progenitor population, as demonstrated by the loss of floor plate differentiated progeny in the final astrocyte products. Using deep single cell RNA sequencing, we identified distinct transcriptomic signatures of midbrain floor plate-derived astrocytes. Our study highlights the need for rigorous characterisation of PSC-derived regional astrocytes and provides a valuable resource for assessing midbrain floor plate-derived human astrocytes.