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Differentiation of monocyte-derived Langerhans cells in the presence of anandamide affects the immunomodulatory action of the cells

GSE266075 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 16 samples Submitted 2024/06/21 Platform GPL18573
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 16 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
16 samples: 4 × monocyte-derived Langerhans cells, control, D vs 4 × monocyte-derived Langerhans cells, AEA treated, D vs 4 × C)+CL075 treated, D vs 4 × C)+CL075+AEA treated, DGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Anandamide modulation of monocyte-derived Langerhans cells: implications for immune homeostasis and skin inflammationFrontiers in immunology · 2024
Summary (written by the submitters)
The endocannabinoid system (ECS), named after the chemical compounds found in the cannabis plant, is a regulatory network of neurotransmitters, receptors, and enzymes that plays crucial roles in skin health and disease. Endogenous ligands of the ECS, called endocannabinoids, have proven to be important regulators of immune responses. One of the most prevalent endocannabinoids, arachidonoylethanolamide (also known as anandamide), is known for its anti-inflammatory effects.
Read the full summary ↓
It reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in various immune cells, weakens both humoral and cellular immune responses, and promotes cell migration. Langerhans cells (LCs) are the sole antigen-presenting cells present in the human epidermis. They serve as the first line of defense against invading pathogens and are essential for the skin's specific immune responses and play a critical role in maintaining tissue homeostasis; however, little is known about the effect of endocannabinoids, specifically anandamide, on the biological functions of these cells. Our research aimed to provide the connection between monocyte-derived Langerhans cells (moLCs) and the ECS, shedding light on their collaborative roles in immune homeostasis and inflammation. Anandamide did not significantly affect the viability of moLCs up to 10 µM. When applied during the differentiation process it had only a negligible effect on CD207 expression, the prototypic marker of LCs; however, there was an observed reduction in CD1a expression by moLCs. Anandamide had no significant effects on the maturation status of moLCs, nor did it affect the maturation induced by TLR3 and TLR7/8 agonists. moLCs differentiated in the presence of anandamide did however show decreased production of CXCL8, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12 cytokines induced by TLR3 and TLR7/8 activation. Anandamide-treated moLCs showed an increased capability to activate naïve T cells; however, not to the level seen with combined TLR agonism. RNAseq analysis of moLCs differentiated with anandamide showed modest changes to the transcriptome of the cells but did reveal an inhibitory effect on oxidative phosphorylation specifically in activated moLCs. Anandamide also promoted the polarization of naïve T cells towards a Th1 phenotype. Our results show that anandamide has nuanced effects on the differentiation, maturation, cytokine secretion, metabolism and function of activated moLCs. Among these changes the decrease in CD1a expression on moLCs holds promise to selectively dampen inflammation induced by CD1a restricted T cells, which have been implicated as drivers of inflammation in common inflammatory skin conditions such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and contact dermatitis.
Published in
Anandamide modulation of monocyte-derived Langerhans cells: implications for immune homeostasis and skin inflammation
Pénzes Z, Horváth D, Molnár P et al. · Frontiers in immunology 2024 · PMID 38979427 · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1423776
This dataset
Open GSE266075 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE266075_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1105647 and SRA study SRP504499. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 38979427) ↗
Study design
4 × monocyte-derived Langerhans cells, control, D vs 4 × monocyte-derived Langerhans cells, AEA treated, D vs 4 × C)+CL075 treated, D vs 4 × C)+CL075+AEA treated, D

Supports a case/control comparison: 12 samples read as cases, 4 as controls.

How we read this: 4 replicated groups read from 16 sample titles; they account for 16 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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