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Restoration of CD56dim NK Cells by Methotrexate Contributes to the Treatment of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

GSE268374 Homo sapiens Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing 8 samples Submitted 2025/12/31 Platform GPL24676
Summary
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic disease in childhood. To elucidate the mechanism of methotrexate (MTX) treatment-induced JIA clinical remission, we conducted single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from a female JIA patient before and after MTX treatment. Besides, we integrated our data with public bulk RNA-seq data. We found that the proportion of the CD56dim NK subsets was restored after MTX treatment, suggesting that CD56dim NK subsets are mainly involved in MTX treatment-induced JIA clinical remission. Differential expression analysis showed that the NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity pathway was riched in CD56dim NK subsets. Furthermore, bulk RNA-seq results showed that MTX-treated NK-92 cell lines were also enriched for NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity pathways. Our data highlight the importance of CD56dim NK subsets in MTX treatment-induced JIA clinical remission.
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Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1116735 and SRA study SRP509980. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

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