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Persistent open chromatin state in early-life stress-activated cells of the VTA

GSE268468 Mus musculus (mouse) ChIP-seq / ATAC-seq (genome binding and open chromatin) 10 samples Submitted 2025/09/09 Platform GPL24247
At a glance

ChIP-seq / ATAC-seq (genome binding and open chromatin) · mouse · 10 samples

What it is
ChIP-seq / ATAC-seq (genome binding and open chromatin)Where proteins bind the genome, or which regions are open and active.
Organism
Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples
10 samples: 3 × els, adult, activated, vs 3 × els, adult, non-activated, vs 2 × std, adult, activated, vs 2 × std, adult, non-activated,Groups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Persistent open chromatin state in early-life stress-activated cells of the VTAScientific reports · 2025
Summary (written by the submitters)
Early-life stress sensitizes individuals to subsequent stressors to increase lifetime risk for psychiatric disorders. Within the ventral tegmental area (VTA), a mesolimbic brain region implicated in stress response and mental health, early-life stress causes long-lasting changes in gene expression and chromatin modifications that in turn cause latent physiological and behavioral sensitivity to stress.
Read the full summary ↓
These molecular consequences of early-life stress are indicative of epigenetic priming, a form of molecular memory in which developmental or environmental cues open chromatin at enhancers to facilitate transcriptional response to stimuli. However, the long term impact of early-life stress on chromatin architecture in the VTA was not yet known. Using a combination of activity-dependent cellular tagging and ATAC-sequencing, we find that early-life stress opens chromatin specifically in stress-activated cells of the VTA, that this remodeling persists into adulthood, and that opening chromatin at cis-regulatory elements including enhancers augments transcriptional response to adult stress. Together, this data supports enhancer priming within ELS-responsive cells in the VTA as a biological mechanism for lifelong stress sensitivity.
Published in
Persistent open chromatin state in early-life stress-activated cells of the VTA
Rashford RL, DeBerardine M, Dan S et al. · Scientific reports 2025 · PMID 41093944 · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-21157-5
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE268468_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: Look for peak files (.bed, .narrowPeak) and signal tracks (.bigWig) among the supplementary files; the raw reads are on ENA.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1117426 and SRA study SRP510273. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
3 × els, adult, activated, vs 3 × els, adult, non-activated, vs 2 × std, adult, activated, vs 2 × std, adult, non-activated,

Supports a between-group comparison across 10 samples.

How we read this: 4 replicated groups read from 10 sample titles; they account for 10 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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