GEO series

Exploring the functional, protective, and transcriptomic effects of GIP on cytokine-exposed human pancreatic islets and EndoC-βH5 cells

GSE269993 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 16 samples Submitted 2025/03/26 Platform GPL28038

At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 16 samples

What it is: RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Samples: 16 samples: 16 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groupsGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get: A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper: Exploring the functional, protective, and transcriptomic effects of GIP on cytokine-exposed human pancreatic islets and EndoC-βH5 cellsMolecular and cellular endocrinology · 2025

Summary (written by the submitters)

Immune-mediated beta cell destruction and lack of alpha cell responsiveness to hypoglycaemia are hallmarks of type 1 diabetes pathology. The incretin hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) may hold therapeutic potential for type 1 diabetes due to its insulinotropic and glucagonotropic effects as well as its beta cell protective effects shown in rodent islets.

Read the full summary ↓

Here, we examined the functional and transcriptomic effects of GIP treatment upon diabetogenic cytokine exposure to interleukin (IL)-1β ± interferon (IFN)-γ in human EndoC-βH5 beta cells and isolated human islets, respectively. GIP dose-dependently augmented glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from EndoC-βH5 cells and increased insulin and glucagon secretion from human islets during high and low glucose concentrations, respectively. The insulinotropic effect of GIP in EndoC-βH5 cells was abrogated by KN-93, an inhibitor of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2 (CaMK2). GIP did not prevent cytokine-induced apoptosis or cytokine-induced functional impairment of human EndoC-βH5 cells. GIP also did not prevent cytokine-induced apoptosis in human islets. GIP treatment of human islets with or without cytokines for 24 hours did not significantly impact the transcriptome. GIP potentiated cytokine-induced secretion of IL-10 and c-c motif chemokine ligand (CCL)-2 from human islets while decreasing the secretion of c-x-c motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)-8. In EndoC-βH5 cells, GIP reduced IFN-γ-induced secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10, but increased the secretion of CXCL8, CCL2, CCL4, and CCL11. In conclusion, our results suggest that the insulinotropic effect of GIP is CaMK2-dependent. Furthermore, our results indicate that GIP does not provide substantial cytoprotective effects against diabetogenic cytokine challenge or significantly modulate the transcriptome of human islets when applied at a supraphysiological level. GIP may, however, still exert selective inflammation-modulatory effects upon diabetogenic cytokine exposure.

Published in

Exploring the functional, protective, and transcriptomic effects of GIP on cytokine-exposed human pancreatic islets and EndoC-βH5 cells

Henriksen K, Jørgensen A, Kaur S et al. · Molecular and cellular endocrinology 2025 · PMID 40122442 · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2025.112522

This dataset

Open GSE269993 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets →

Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE269993_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1124568 and SRA study SRP514244. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 40122442) ↗

Study design

16 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groups

Any grouping that defines a comparison lives in the sample characteristics, which GEO records separately from the titles.

How we read this: Read from 16 sample titles: 16 distinct titles with little repetition. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study

GSM8332465 S1_9_CTRL
GSM8332466 S2_9_GIP
GSM8332467 S3_9_MIX
GSM8332468 S4_9_MIX_GIP
GSM8332469 S5_10_CTRL
GSM8332470 S6_10_GIP
GSM8332471 S7_10_MIX
GSM8332472 S8_10_MIX_GIP
GSM8332473 S9_11_CTRL
GSM8332474 S10_11_GIP
GSM8332475 S11_11_MIX
GSM8332476 S12_11_MIX_GIP
GSM8332477 S13_12_CTRL
GSM8332478 S14_12_GIP
GSM8332479 S15_12_MIX
GSM8332480 S16_12_MIX_GIP

Datasets on a similar topic

GSE267820 Exploring the mechanism of AGR2 regulating the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment 24 samples shares pancreatic, exploring
GSE235683 Interferons are the key cytokines acting on pancreatic islets in type 1 diabetes 18 samples shares pancreatic, islets
GSE280271 Deep sequencing of microRNA and total RNA reveals distinct microRNA-mRNA signatures that differentiate pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasia from non-diseased pancreas tissue [RNA-seq] 13 samples shares pancreatic, endoc
GSE293843 Targeting the ferritinophagy-lysosome axis as a therapeutic vulnerability in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors [RNA-Seq] 10 samples shares pancreatic, endoc
GSE335464 Integrative single-cell multi-omics profiling of human pancreatic islets identifies T1D-associated genes and regulatory signals [single cell] 28 samples shares pancreatic, islets
GSE329027 Menin-RelA complex antagonizes cancer cell-intrinsic and tumor microenvironment-induced NF-κB hyperactivation to suppress pancreatic neuroendocrine tumorigenesis 12 samples shares pancreatic, endoc
GSE143584 Gene expression from laser capture microdissected epithelium and stroma during pancreatic carcinogenesis 366 samples shares pancreatic
GSE205154 Bulk RNA-Seq gene expression data for 289 primary and metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumor samples from FFPE blocks. 289 samples shares pancreatic

Search all human RNA-seq datasets in GEO →

Share this dataset

Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.