in vitro construction of an embryonic caudal organizer

Purpose: Characterization of cell types in bmp4 explants and BMP4 induced human embryoids. Methods: Single cell transcriptomes of bmp4 explants were harvested at 6 hpf, 8 hpf,10 hpf, 12 hpf, 18 hpf and 24 hpf. Single cell transcriptomes of BMP4 induced human embryoids were harvested at Day 5 and Day 6. Libraries were prepared using Single Cell 3′Library & gel Bead kit v3.1 (10x Genomics, Cat# PN-1000121) according to the manufacturer’s protocol for 10000 cell recovery. Results: paraxial mesoderm, lateral plate mesoderm, and their derivatives were detected in bmp4 explants, and NMP, somite and neural cell fates were detected in bmp4 induced human embryoids. Conclusions: A well-organized caudal-like structure was induced in bmp4 explants and caudal cell fates were specified in BMP4 induced human embryoids.