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Transcriptome analysis of pancreatic progenitor organoids (POs) carrying PDAC related mutations, treated with ERK inhibitors and depleted of AP-1 factors

GSE272460 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 40 samples Submitted 2026/04/24 Platform GPL24676Platform GPL20301
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 40 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
40 samples: 14 conditions, mostly in triplicateGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Human pancreatic progenitor organoids define genetic and epigenetic barriers to early PDAC transformationDevelopmental cell · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
We established a human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived pancreatic progenitor organoid (PO) culture that provides the cellular plasticity for PDAC modeling and supports robust gene editing. Through the combinatorial expression of oncogenic KRAS and deletion of multiple tumor suppressor genes (TSGs),we successfully recapitulated the transcriptional hallmarks of initial malignant transformation and progression of PDAC in POs in vitro.
Read the full summary ↓
Moreover, these POs exhibited distinct histopathology from preneoplastic pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and moderately differentiated to poorly differentiated PDAC upon orthotopic transplantation. Further chromatin accessibility profiling unveiled 1) a progressive loss of pancreatic lineage program during disease development, accompanied by repression of TET1, 5hmc marking and hypermethylation of essential pancreatic lineage transcription factors and 2) an emergence of trans-lineage/malignant feature, associated with the opening of AP-1 motif enriched chromatin regions. Gene perturbation screening identified FOSL2, FOS, and JUNB as pro-malignancy AP-1 factors during malignant transformation of POs. Notably, inhibition of ERK, a regulator of AP-1, not only reversed AP-1 levels and malignant feature in transformed POs, but also derepressed TET1 and its associated chromatin regions. Thus, our de novo PDAC POs faithfully model the disease development and reveal distinct but concerted mechanisms that drive the cellular plasticity in PDAC. The comprehensive validation of this model against clinical datasets approves its potential for discovery of therapeutic targets and biomarkers for preventive screening in the future.
Published in
Human pancreatic progenitor organoids define genetic and epigenetic barriers to early PDAC transformation
Zhang X, Wong W, Cho HS et al. · Developmental cell 2026 · PMID 42161274 · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2026.04.012
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE272460_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1136910 and SRA study SRP520532. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
14 conditions, mostly in triplicate
GFP_RNA-seq ×3 K_RNA-seq ×3 KC_RNA-seq ×3 KP_RNA-seq ×3 KCP_RNA-seq ×3 KCPS_RNA-seq ×3 KCP_NT_RNA-seq ×3 KCP_FOS_KO_RNA-seq ×3 +6 more

Supports a between-group comparison across 40 samples.

How we read this: 14 replicated groups read from 40 sample titles; they account for 40 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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