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Hypoxia promotes airway differentiation in the human lung epithelium [Bulk RNA-seq]

GSE272860 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 18 samples Submitted 2025/07/31 Platform GPL24676
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 18 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
18 samples: 6 × Normoxia_NTC vs 6 × Hypoxia_NTC vs 6 × Hypoxia_HIF1aGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Hypoxia promotes airway differentiation in the human lung epitheliumCell stem cell · 2025
Summary (written by the submitters)
Human embryos develop under physiological hypoxia, but how hypoxia directly affects human organogenesis remains unknown. We have investigated the effects of hypoxia on human lung epithelia using organoids. First trimester lung epithelial progenitors remain undifferentiated under normoxia, but initiate spontaneous differentiation towards multiple airway cell types, and inhibit alveolar differentiation under hypoxia.
Read the full summary ↓
Genetic and chemical manipulation experiments showed that these effects were dependent on HIF (Hypoxia-Inducible Factor) activity, with HIF1α and HIF2α differentially regulating progenitor fate decisions. We identified the cell fate-determining transcription factors KLF4/KLF5 and ASCL1 as direct targets of the HIF pathway, promoting progenitor differentiation to basal and neuroendocrine cells respectively. Chronic hypoxia also induces transdifferentiation of human alveolar type 2 cells into airway cells via the HIF pathway, suggesting that the developmental response to hypoxia is conserved into adulthood and potentially contributes to chronic lung disease.
Published in
Hypoxia promotes airway differentiation in the human lung epithelium
Dong Z, Wit N, Agarwal A et al. · Cell stem cell 2025 · PMID 41075787 · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2025.09.007
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE272860_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1139139 and SRA study SRP521612. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
6 × Normoxia_NTC vs 6 × Hypoxia_NTC vs 6 × Hypoxia_HIF1a

Supports a between-group comparison across 18 samples.

How we read this: 3 replicated groups read from 18 sample titles; they account for 18 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.