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Anti-Glycan Reactivity in Humans is Driven by the Selection of B cells Utilizing Private Antibody Gene Rearrangements that are Affinity Maturated in Germinal Centers

GSE278639 Homo sapiens Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing 8 samples Submitted 2025/10/01 Platform GPL15520
Summary
The human antibody repertoire is broadly reactive with carbohydrate antigens represented in the universe of all living things, including both the host/self- as well as the commensal microflora-derived glycomes. Here we have used BCR receptor cloning and expression together with single-cell transcriptomics to analyze the B cell repertoire to the ubiquitous N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) epitope in human cohorts and dissect the evolutionary history of this predominant class of antibodies. We find that circulating anti-GlcNAc B cells exhibiting canonical BMem phenotypes emerge rapidly after birth and couple this observation with evidence for germinal center-dependent affinity maturation of carbohydrate-specific B cell receptors in situ during early childhood. Direct analysis of individual B cell clonotypes reveals they exhibit strikingly distinct fine-specificity profiles for palettes of GlcNAc containing moieties. These results suggest that a generalized, exposure to complex environmental glycans drives the steady state anti-glycan repertoire.
Published in
Human anti-glycan reactivity emerges from B cells utilizing private gene rearrangements that are affinity maturated in germinal centers
New JS, Fucile CF, Callahan AR et al. · Immunity 2026 · PMID 41812643 · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2026.02.001
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Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1168127 and SRA study SRP536259. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

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