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C18orf21/RMP24 and Nepro/RMP64 are RNase MRP-specific subunits required for 40S ribosome biogenesis

GSE279079 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 40 samples Submitted 2025/08/11 Platform GPL34295
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 40 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
40 samples: 36 distinct titles, 4 of them repeatedGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
RNase MRP subunit composition and role in 40S ribosome biogenesisNature structural & molecular biology · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
RNase P and RNase MRP are evolutionarily-related ribonucleoprotein complexes that share common protein subunits, but carry out distinct site-specific endonuclease activities. Here, we identify two RNase MRP-specific proteins C18orf21 (RMP24) and Nepro (RMP64). C18orf21 contains a structurally similar N-terminal domain to Rpp21, but has a distinct subcellular localization and RNA-binding specificity, allowing C18orf21 to uniquely associate with RNase MRP.
Read the full summary ↓
We ectopically express C18orf21 (RNase MRP specific), Nepro (RNase MRP specific), Rpp21 (RNase P specific), and Rpp14 (shared subunit), with a C-terminal GFP and performed RIP-seq to identify bound RNAs. Our data provide a model to understand C18orf21 physical interactions along with its role in ribosomal RNA processing. In addition to this, we knock out C18orf21, Rpp21, and Rpp14 and analyze their transcriptome. We additionally analyze rRNA intermediates in knockout cells.
Published in
RNase MRP subunit composition and role in 40S ribosome biogenesis
Smith EM, Ly J, Haug S et al. · Nature structural & molecular biology 2026 · PMID 41136609 · doi:10.1038/s41594-025-01690-7
This dataset
Open GSE279079 in finder → Find more human datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE279079_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1170312 and SRA study SRP537214. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 41136609) ↗
Study design
36 distinct titles, 4 of them repeated
GFP_Input ×2 Nepro_Input ×2 GFP_IP ×2 Nepro_IP ×2

How we read this: Read from 40 sample titles: 36 distinct titles with little repetition. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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