Inorganic Pyrophosphate influence Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth

To explore the cellular response of stem cell derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in response to inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi). SHED was extracted from human primary exfoliated teeth. The cellular responses including cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, transcriptomic expression was investigated afterward PPi treatment at the distinct concentration. Additionally, Alizarin red, oil red O, and alcian blue staining were performed to evaluate the multipotency. Inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) had no although effect on cell cycle, yet enhanced migratory cell, compared to control. Additionally, PPi abolished the gene expression of osteogenic genes and also calcium deposition. Interestingly, the inhibition of mineralization by PPi was not reversed though Pi3K and MAPK family, including ERK, P38, and JNK signalling pathway. On the contrary, PPi induced the ALPL and COL1A1 gene expression and reduced RANKL mRNA and protein in the condition medium, resulting in a decrease of osteoclast formation. The transcriptomic profiles illustrated PPi modulated interferon ⍺/ , TGF-β1, NOTCH signalling pathway, and metabolism of lipid. In summary, our study revealed that PPi enhanced migratory ability, however inhibited osteo/odontogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. This study implicated that PPi can modulate cellular responses of SHED.