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Large Maf Transcription Factors Reawaken Evolutionarily Dormant Fast-Glycolytic Type IIb Myofibers in Human Skeletal Muscle

GSE283853 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 12 samples Submitted 2025/07/30 Platform GPL18573
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 12 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
12 samples: 3 × pAV-mCherry vs 3 × pAV-MAFA vs 3 × pAV-MAFB vs 3 × pAV-MAFGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Large MAF transcription factors reawaken evolutionarily dormant fast-glycolytic type IIb myofibers in human skeletal muscleSkeletal muscle · 2025
Summary (written by the submitters)
Small mammals, such as mice, rely on the rapid contraction of skeletal muscles to achieve swift movements. These capabilities are enabled by type IIb myofibers, which express the fastest myosin IIb in limb muscles, encoded by MYH4. In contrast, larger mammals, including humans, exhibit a marked reduction or complete absence of type IIb myofibers and MYH4 expression, favoring slower-contracting myofiber types.
Read the full summary ↓
The evolutionary shift away from MYH4 expression in larger mammals and the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. Previously, we identified the large Maf transcription factor family (Mafa, Mafb, Maf) as principal regulators of type IIb myofiber determination in mice. Here, we provide the first evidence that the large MAFs specifically induces MYH4 expression in the skeletal muscles of large mammals, including humans and bovine. Furthermore, induction of MYH4 by large MAFs significantly enhances the glycolytic capacity of human myotubes, as evidenced by flux analyzer data and RNA-seq showing the upregulation of numerous genes associated with glucose metabolism. Lastly, RNA-seq analysis of human muscle biopsies reveals a positive correlation between MAFA, MAF, and MYH4 expression. Our findings propose that the large MAFs promotes the formation of the fastest type IIb myofibers in the skeletal muscles of large mammals. This discovery not only elucidates the mechanisms underlying the loss of type IIb myofibers in larger mammals but also holds potential implications for enhancing athletic performance and counteracting the loss of fast-twitch myofibers associated with aging.
Published in
Large MAF transcription factors reawaken evolutionarily dormant fast-glycolytic type IIb myofibers in human skeletal muscle
Sadaki S, Tsuji R, Hayashi T et al. · Skeletal muscle 2025 · PMID 40713776 · doi:10.1186/s13395-025-00391-5
This dataset
Open GSE283853 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE283853_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1195913 and SRA study SRP550251. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 40713776) ↗
Study design
3 × pAV-mCherry vs 3 × pAV-MAFA vs 3 × pAV-MAFB vs 3 × pAV-MAF

Supports a between-group comparison across 12 samples.

How we read this: 4 replicated groups read from 12 sample titles; they account for 12 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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