Cell-free fat extract promotes cornea epithelial repair and restores neurodegeneration via an anti-inflammation pathway

Corneal homeostasis is a complex process associated with various ocular pathologies, and the development of therapeutic strategies to promote neuroprotection and tissue regeneration is of great challenge. This study investigated the potential benefits of a cell-free fat extract in ameliorating neurodegenerative changes in laser-induced cornea neurodegeneration and alkali burn-induced epithelial injury mouse models. The cell-free fat extract, rich in bioactive compounds, was administered topically, and its effects on neuro regeneration and epithelial cell proliferation were evaluated. Our results exhibited a robust pro-proliferative effect on corneal epithelial cells, contributing to enhanced tissue regeneration in epithelial repair and significant improvement in neuroprotection, characterized by preserving corneal nerve density and branching complexity. These findings suggest that the application of cell-free fat extract holds promise as a novel therapeutic approach for addressing cornea neurodegeneration, offering neuroprotective effects, and promoting tissue repair. Further investigations into the underlying molecular mechanisms and long-term efficacy are warranted to advance the translational potential of this innovative intervention for ocular health.