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Multi-omics Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Identifies Dysregulation of Hypoxia-Induced Genes in Peripheral Artery Disease [RNA-seq]

GSE289574 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 40 samples Submitted 2025/10/01 Platform GPL24676
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 40 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
40 samples: 40 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groupsGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Multiomics Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Identifies Dysregulation of Hypoxia-Induced Genes in Peripheral Artery DiseaseJournal of the American Heart Association · 2025
Summary (written by the submitters)
Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation play a critical role in hypoxic cell programs. However, no previous studies have investigated the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in peripheral artery disease (PAD), a condition characterized by intermittent ischemia. In this study, we used reduced representation bisulphite sequencing (RRBS) to investigate how PAD affects the DNA methylome in skeletal muscle of PAD patients with intermittent claudication (IC) or critical limb ischemia (CLI) compared to non-PAD controls.
Read the full summary ↓
We also used small and bulk RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), which allowed for data integration. This multi-omics approach identified metabolic and hypoxia-related genes in PAD skeletal muscle that are regulated at the level of methylation and by various microRNAs. Specifically, binding and expression target analysis (BETA) revealed that epigenetic modifications to the DNA methylome contribute to modulation of the mRNA expression of family with sequence similarity 20, member C (FAM20C) and endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 (EPAS1), also known as hypoxia-inducible factor-2alpha (HIF-2α). Finally, we explored the effect of revascularization on the skeletal muscle DNA methylome and transcriptome, which identified the activator protein-1 (AP-1) early response transcription factor Fos proto-oncogene (FOS) as the primary gene influenced by revascularization. These results identify novel hypoxia-related genes regulated by DNA methylation in PAD skeletal muscle, which may provide potential new therapeutic targets.
Published in
Multiomics Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Identifies Dysregulation of Hypoxia-Induced Genes in Peripheral Artery Disease
Ismaeel A, Fletcher E, Papoutsi E et al. · Journal of the American Heart Association 2025 · PMID 41025488 · doi:10.1161/JAHA.125.042350
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE289574_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1223451 and SRA study SRP563854. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
40 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groups

Any grouping that defines a comparison lives in the sample characteristics, which GEO records separately from the titles.

How we read this: Read from 40 sample titles: 40 distinct titles with little repetition. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.