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CRISPR engineering of armored CAR T cells enables tumor-restricted payload delivery with enhanced safety and efficacy

GSE292859 Homo sapiens Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing 6 samples Submitted 2025/06/18 Platform GPL30173
Summary
The efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in solid tumors is limited by immunosuppression and antigen heterogeneity. To overcome these barriers, “armored” CAR T cells, which secrete proinflammatory cytokines, have been developed. However, their clinical application has been limited due to toxicities related to peripheral expression of the armoring transgene. Here, we developed a CRISPR knock-in strategy that leverages the regulatory mechanisms of endogenous genes to drive transgene expression in a tumor-localized manner. By screening endogenous genes with tumor-restricted expression, the NR4A2 and RGS16 promoters were identified to support the delivery of cytokines such as IL-12 and IL-2 directly to the tumor site, leading to enhanced anti-tumor efficacy and long-term survival of mice in both syngeneic and xenogeneic models. This was concomitant with improved CAR T cell polyfunctionality, activation of endogenous anti-tumor immunity, a favorable safety profile, and was applicable using CAR T cells from patients.
Published in
Rewiring endogenous genes in CAR T cells for tumour-restricted payload delivery
Chen AXY, Yap KM, Kim JS et al. · Nature 2025 · PMID 40604285 · doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09212-7
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Direct links to NCBI, no account and no request form: the whole study as GSE292859_RAW.tar, processed values as the series matrix, the supplementary file directory, and per-sample supplementary files for any of the 6 samples. Raw sequencing reads are also available from ENA.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1241771 and SRA study SRP573041. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

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