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Extracellular vesicles derived from Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells transfer miR451a, disrupting neutrophil function and contributing to immune dysregulation

GSE296044 Homo sapiens (human) Single-cell RNA-seq 29 samples Submitted 2026/04/18 Platform GPL34284
At a glance

Single-cell RNA-seq · human · 29 samples

What it is
Single-cell RNA-seqGene activity measured in thousands of individual cells, so cell types can be told apart. Read from the summary: GEO's own type field only says 'expression profiling by sequencing', so confirm it in the paper.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
29 samples: 10 conditions, mostly in triplicateGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Summary (written by the submitters)
Malaria, caused by Plasmodium falciparum, compromise innate immunity, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the malaria parasite utilizes extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from infected red blood cells (iRBC-EVs) as a mechanism to transfer the host microRNA miR451a to primary human neutrophils, effectively suppressing their immune functions.
Read the full summary ↓
Using primary human neutrophils and transduced Human leukemia cell (HL-60 cells) with a lentiviral expression vector containing miR451a (HL-60miR451a), we evaluated the effect of miR451a in neutrophil transcription and effector functions (ROS production, swarming and antimicrobial activity). The microfluidic assay shows that the transferred miR451a significantly reduces chemotaxis and swarming ability of both primary human neutrophils and HL-60miR451a when subsequently challenge with Candida albicans. Bulk and single cell transcriptomic analysis reveals that miR451a alters transcriptional regulation in primary both neutrophils and HL-60miR451a, further impairing their immune responses . Additionally, we demonstrate that phagocytosed iRBC-EVs blunt the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduce the anti-microbicidal activity of neutrophils upon Salmonella typhimurium challenge. These observed immunosuppressive mechanisms provide critical insights into the mechanism of increased susceptibility of malaria-infected individuals to invasive bacterial or fungal diseases. Our findings shed light on the molecular interactions between P. falciparum and the host immune system, highlighting how malaria-induced immunosuppression exacerbates vulnerability to severe bacterial infections by impairing neutrophil functions. This knowledge has significant implications for therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating co-infections and sepsis in malaria-endemic regions.
This dataset
Open GSE296044 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE296044_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: Single-cell studies usually ship their counts as 10x files (matrix.mtx, barcodes.tsv, features.tsv), an .h5 file, or an .rds / .h5ad object that Seurat or Scanpy can open. Look for those among the supplementary files.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1257387 and SRA study SRP582433. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗
Study design
10 conditions, mostly in triplicate
Neutrophils, control, sample ×3 Neutrophils, LPS, sample ×3 Neutrophils, EVs, sample ×3 Neutrophils, LPS+EVs, sample ×3 HL-60, GFP, control, ×3 HL-60, GFP, LPS 180 minutes, ×3 HL-60, mir451a overexpressed, control, ×3 HL-60, mir451a overexpressed, LPS 180 minutes, ×3 +2 more

Supports a case/control comparison: 6 samples read as cases, 6 as controls.

How we read this: 10 replicated groups read from 29 sample titles; they account for 29 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
Datasets on a similar topic

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