The possible mechanism of boronized Ti6Al4V/HA promoting osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts

In our previous work, we successfully fabricated a boronized Ti6Al4V/HA composite implant by mixing Ti6Al4V, nano-HA, and TiB₂ powders followed by microwave sintering. Both in vitro cellular assays and in vivo animal experiments confirmed the material’s excellent bioactivity and osseointegration potential, demonstrating its promise for clinical applications (5,6). However, the detailed mechanisms by which the material’s physical structures (e.g., increased surface roughness and micro/nanostructured topography) and chemical components (bioactive boron and HA) promote osteogenic differentiation and enhance osseointegration remain unclear and warrant further investigation.To address this limitation, we employed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to perform genome-wide transcriptomic profiling of osteoblasts cultured on boronized Ti6Al4V/HA composite surfaces, with the aim of identifying key osteogenesis-related genes and elucidating the mechanisms by which this composite material promotes osteogenic differentiation. This study provides a theoretical basis for the rational design of boronized titanium-based composite implants by adjusting particle size or the relative content of boron and HA, and contributes to a deeper understanding of how material properties regulate osteogenic responses and improve osseointegration.