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Space radiation induces distinct senescent phenotypes: Implications for space travel [bulk RNA-Seq]

GSE297560 Homo sapiens (human) Single-cell RNA-seq 21 samples Submitted 2025/12/09 Platform GPL24676
At a glance

Single-cell RNA-seq · human · 21 samples

What it is
Single-cell RNA-seqGene activity measured in thousands of individual cells, so cell types can be told apart. Read from the summary: GEO's own type field only says 'expression profiling by sequencing', so confirm it in the paper.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
21 samples: 7 conditions, mostly in triplicateGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Space radiation induces distinct senescent phenotypes: Implications for space travelnpj aging · 2025
Summary (written by the submitters)
As Earth’s magnetic field and ozone continue to weaken, space radiation begins pose a significant threat to the health of not only space travelers, but the world’s population. Space radiation and its high-energy and high-charge ions create distinct clusters of DNA and concentrated macromolecular damage that results in the accumulation of senescent cells (SnCs) known to play a critical role in promoting multimorbidity.
Read the full summary ↓
Here we demonstrate that human fibroblasts exposed to different forms of space radiation acquire senescence-associated phenotypes including morphological alterations and the accumulation of SA-ßgal+ cells more efficiently than ꝩ-irradiation. Bulk and single cell RNA (scRNAseq) sequencing analysis revealed that space irradiated human fibroblasts up-regulated senescent-like phenotypes to a greater extent than γ-irradiation and enriched pathways associated with chronic activation and adaptation of the integrated stress response and NADPH-coupled redox metabolism. Healthy cells treated with conditioned media from irradiated SnCs manifested pro-inflammatory transcriptional profiles dependent on both radiation and cell type. Finally, treatment with known senotherapeutics demonstrated radiation-specific effects in primary dermal fibroblasts. Our data demonstrate that space radiation differentially induces senescent phenotypes in human cells compared to γ-irradiation that may play a key role in the pathogenic effects of space travel.
Published in
Space radiation induces distinct senescent phenotypes: Implications for space travel
Pitcher LE, Mukherjee B, Saathoff AM et al. · npj aging 2025 · PMID 41309663 · doi:10.1038/s41514-025-00272-7
This dataset
Open GSE297560 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE297560_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: Single-cell studies usually ship their counts as 10x files (matrix.mtx, barcodes.tsv, features.tsv), an .h5 file, or an .rds / .h5ad object that Seurat or Scanpy can open. Look for those among the supplementary files.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1265190 and SRA study SRP586351. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 41309663) ↗
Study design
7 conditions, mostly in triplicate
Non-irradiated HDF control for charged partic… ×3 Low passage, non-shipped, not irradiated HDF … ×3 Non-irradiated HDF control for gamma irradiat… ×3 HDFs irradiated with 4Gy Silicon irradiation … ×3 HDFs irradiated with 4Gy Iron irradiation sam… ×3 HDFs irradiated with 4Gy Hydrogen irradiation… ×3 HDFs irradiated with 4Gy gamma irradiation sa… ×3

Supports a between-group comparison across 21 samples.

How we read this: 7 replicated groups read from 21 sample titles; they account for 21 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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