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Developing precision medicine for remote liver cancer patients

GSE304512 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 38 samples Submitted 2026/01/28 Platform GPL34284
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 38 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Topic
Hepatocellular carcinomaThis series is part of our curated briefing on it.
Samples
38 samples: 38 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groupsGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Transcriptomic Characterization of North Queensland Hepatocellular CarcinomaOncology · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Background and Aim Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a growing burden in Australia’s rural, regional and remote areas and knowledge of its molecular mechanisms and hence potential therapies are limited. To address this, we investigated HCC genetics from patients treated at a regional hospital and used a novel computational model for low-cost therapeutic prognostication.
Read the full summary ↓
Methods We profiled paired tumour and adjacent non-tumour liver biopsies from 19 patients admitted to the Townsville University Hospital, based in North Queensland (NQ). RNA-seq was used to characterize transcriptomic and mutational features and to test a transcriptome-only adaptation of the TARGET-SL pipeline for drug target prediction. Results Differential expression analysis identified 923 genes altered in our cohort, of which 64% overlapped with The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC), and the cohort-mean gene expression correlated strongly (Spearman Rho = 0.96). Somatic variant calling from RNA highlighted mutational heterogeneity, with CTNNB1 (47%) and TP53 (21%) the most frequently mutated genes, consistent with TCGA findings. Copy number inference detected recurrent deletions on 8p, 6q, and 17p, congruous with known HCC patterns. We ran TARGET-SL on RNA-Seq to identify personalised driver genes in these patients and identified drug candidates in 63% of patients. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that NQ HCC shares core molecular features with larger TCGA cohorts, and that a transcriptome-based approach can feasibly support precision oncology in resource-limited regional settings.
Published in
Transcriptomic Characterization of North Queensland Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Gillman R, Wankell M, Sun EJ et al. · Oncology 2026 · PMID 41428609 · doi:10.1159/000549897
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE304512_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1301410 and SRA study SRP606400. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
38 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groups

Any grouping that defines a comparison lives in the sample characteristics, which GEO records separately from the titles.

How we read this: Read from 38 sample titles: 38 distinct titles with little repetition. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.