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Primary Keratinocyte Model of Actinic Keratosis Reveals UV-Induced DNA Damage Accumulation and Persistent Interferon Signaling

GSE305980 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 42 samples Submitted 2025/12/03 Platform GPL34284
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 42 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Topic
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomaThis series is part of our curated briefing on it.
Samples
42 samples: 31 distinct titles, 2 of them repeatedGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Primary keratinocyte model of actinic keratosis reveals UV-induced DNA damage accumulation and persistent IFN signalingThe Journal of investigative dermatology · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Actinic keratosis (AK) is a precancerous, UV-induced skin lesion that can progress to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). While UV radiation is known to drive mutations and immunosuppression in the skin, keratinocyte-intrinsic responses to chronic, low-dose solar UV exposure have been insufficiently studied in AK. We established a patient-derived in vitro model using primary keratinocytes from AK lesions and age-matched, sun-exposed skin to investigate how repeated low-dose UV irradiation shapes keratinocyte stress responses.
Read the full summary ↓
Integrating high-content morphological profiling, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) quantification and bulk RNA sequencing, we observed pronounced morphological remodeling and persistent DNA damage in AK keratinocytes despite activation of DNA repair and unfolded protein response pathways. Transcriptomic analyses revealed constitutive and UV-enhanced interferon signaling in AK cells, including upregulation of innate DNA sensing and ISGylation genes. Meta-analysis of five independent datasets confirmed interferon pathway activation as a conserved feature of AK, and IFN-α exposure further sensitized AK keratinocytes to UV-induced CPD formation. Our primary model thus uncovers sustained interferon signaling and attenuated DNA damage repair as key keratinocyte-intrinsic features of AK, suggesting that chronic interferon responses may modulate UV-induced damage and contribute to early photocarcinogenic processes.
Published in
Primary keratinocyte model of actinic keratosis reveals UV-induced DNA damage accumulation and persistent IFN signaling
Elsbroek L, Reuschlein K, Karsai S et al. · The Journal of investigative dermatology 2026 · PMID 41389957 · doi:10.1016/j.jid.2025.11.018
This dataset
Open GSE305980 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets → Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma landscape →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE305980_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1306981. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 41389957) ↗
Study design
31 distinct titles, 2 of them repeated
AK Keratinocytes Control ×7 HEK Keratinocytes Control ×6

How we read this: Read from 42 sample titles: 31 distinct titles with little repetition. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study

+ 2 more — browse all 42 samples with per-sample file links →

More Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma datasets

Search all human RNA-seq datasets in GEO →

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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.