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Cutibacterium acnes induces skin region-specific innate immune memory alterations in human keratinocytes

GSE308379 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 24 samples Submitted 2025/10/23 Platform GPL18573
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 24 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
24 samples: 24 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groupsGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Summary (written by the submitters)
External insults can cause immune activation in immune cells, resulting in persistent molecular changes that can lead to innate immune memory (IIM) changes in these cells. This study investigated the potential for cellular reprogramming in response to Cutibacterium acnes in keratinocytes. We exposed normal human epidermal keratinocytes obtained by mammoplasty (NHEK-B) or abdominoplasty (NHEK-A) to C.
Read the full summary ↓
acnes, followed by stimulation with Pam3CSK4 to assess immune activation and cellular responses. In NHEK-B cells, C. acnes and Pam3CSK4 treatment induced trained immunity-type responses, with higher expression of selected immune target genes, and a diminished response compared with that in nontrained but Pam3CSK4-induced NHEK-A cells. Total transcriptome analysis delineated regional differences, with the activation of immune-related pathways in NHEK-B cells and increased skin development in NHEK-A cells. We detected differences in metabolic regulation, and utilizing pharmacological inhibitors, we demonstrated the necessity of the optimal regulation of histone acetylation and DNA methylation for the aforementioned changes. This study demonstrated that C. acnes triggers IIM-like processes in keratinocytes, characterized by signaling, epigenetic, and metabolic reprogramming that influences cellular responses to subsequent stimuli. The observation that analogous insults might elicit skin region specific responses offers novel insights into the etiology and mechanisms underlying common inflammatory skin diseases.
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE308379_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1330308 and SRA study SRP621305. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
24 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groups

Any grouping that defines a comparison lives in the sample characteristics, which GEO records separately from the titles.

How we read this: Read from 24 sample titles: 24 distinct titles with little repetition. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.