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Early differential impact of MeCP2 mutations on functional networks in Rett syndrome patient-derived human cortical organoids [RNA-Seq]

GSE318601 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 8 samples Submitted 2026/06/18 Platform GPL11154
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 8 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
8 samples: 2 × Cortical organoids. isogenic control for MECP2[V247X], vs 2 × Cortical organoids. MECP2[V247X] mutation, vs 2 × Cortical organoids. isogenic control for MECP2[R306C], vs 2 × Cortical organoids. MECP2[R306C] mutation,Groups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Early differential impact of MeCP2 mutations on functional networks in Rett syndrome patient-derived human cortical organoidsNature communications · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Human cerebral organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem cells can recapture early developmental processes and reveal changes involving neurodevelopmental disorders. Mutations in the X-linked methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene are associated with Rett syndrome, and disease severity varies depending on the location and type of mutation.
Read the full summary ↓
Here, we focused on neuronal activity in Rett syndrome patient-derived organoids, analyzing two types of MECP2 mutations—a missense mutation (R306C) and a truncating mutation (V247X)—using calcium imaging with three-photon microscopy. Compared to isogenic controls, we found abnormal neuronal activity in Rett organoids and altered network function based on graph theoretic analyses, with V247X mutations impacting functional responses and connectivity more severely than R306C mutations. These changes paralleled EEG data obtained from patients with comparable mutations. Labeling DLX promoter-driven inhibitory neurons demonstrated differences in activity and functional connectivity of inhibitory and excitatory neurons in the two types of mutations. Transcriptomic analyses revealed HDAC2-associated impairment in R306C organoids and decreased GABAA receptor expression in excitatory neurons in V247X organoids. These findings demonstrate mutation-specific mechanisms of vulnerability in Rett syndrome and suggest targeted strategies for their treatment.
Published in
Early differential impact of MeCP2 mutations on functional networks in Rett syndrome patient-derived human cortical organoids
Osaki T, Delepine C, Osako Y et al. · Nature communications 2026 · PMID 41980938 · doi:10.1038/s41467-026-71458-0
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE318601_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1419288 and SRA study SRP674998. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
2 × Cortical organoids. isogenic control for MECP2[V247X], vs 2 × Cortical organoids. MECP2[V247X] mutation, vs 2 × Cortical organoids. isogenic control for MECP2[R306C], vs 2 × Cortical organoids. MECP2[R306C] mutation,

Supports a between-group comparison across 8 samples.

How we read this: 4 replicated groups read from 8 sample titles; they account for 8 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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