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Listerine® attenuates cytokine-induced inflammation and activates zinc–metallothionein responses in gingival fibroblasts

GSE319900 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 12 samples Submitted 2026/02/23 Platform GPL11154
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 12 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
12 samples
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Summary (written by the submitters)
Gingival fibroblasts amplify periodontal inflammation by producing chemokines in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines. Mouth rinses directly contact the gingival tissues, yet their effects on host inflammatory signaling remain incompletely defined. This study investigated how a zinc-containing Listerine® formulation modulates IL-1β/TNF-α–induced responses in human gingival fibroblasts and compared these effects with zinc alone.
Read the full summary ↓
Primary human gingival fibroblasts were stimulated with IL-1β and TNF-α in the presence or absence of Listerine®. Global transcriptional changes were analyzed by RNA sequencing and validated by quantitative PCR. CXCL8 secretion was quantified by immunoassay. Zinc ions and individual essential oil components were tested separately. Metal content was determined by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. IL-1β/TNF-α induced a broad inflammatory transcriptional program, including chemokines and innate immune–associated genes. Co-treatment with Listerine® consistently reduced the magnitude of cytokine-induced gene expression while preserving inducibility, indicating quantitative attenuation rather than suppression. Listerine® significantly decreased cytokine-induced CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL8 mRNA levels and reduced CXCL8 protein release. Transcriptomic profiling revealed strong induction of metallothionein family members. Zinc was identified as the predominant metal at biologically relevant concentrations. Zinc alone robustly induced metallothioneins but did not significantly reduce cytokine-induced chemokine expression. Individual essential oil components did not reproduce the inhibitory effect. Taken together, Listerine® constrains cytokine-driven inflammatory output in gingival fibroblasts while activating a zinc-associated metallothionein stress response. Zinc alone is insufficient to explain the anti-inflammatory phenotype, supporting a formulation-dependent host-modulating effect.
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE319900_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1425498 and SRA study SRP678041. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
A cohort of 12 individual samples

The grouping that defines any comparison lives in the sample characteristics, which GEO records separately from the titles.

How we read this: Sample titles run LP10001 … LP10012 and carry no group information.

Samples in this study
Datasets on a similar topic

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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.