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The timing of antenatal glucocorticoids determines the receptor sensitivity in preterm infants

GSE320139 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 47 samples Submitted 2026/02/21 Platform GPL9052
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 47 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
47 samples: 17 × PBMC_IP vs 17 × PBMC_OP vs 13 × PBMC_ControlGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
The timing of antenatal glucocorticoids determines the receptor sensitivity in preterm infantsThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Approximately 15 million babies are born too early each year, corresponding to a global preterm birth rate of about 11%. The antenatal glucocorticoid (aGC) therapy is indicated to more than 90% of their mothers when there is a risk of preterm delivery between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation. Synthetic GCs (sGC) accelerate fetal lung maturation and reduce the risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), the leading cause of mortality in preterm infants.
Read the full summary ↓
However, this treatment has been associated with an increased vulnerability to develop neurobehavioral and immune disorders later in life, effects attributed to permanent changes in the stress axis activity and in the homeostasis of endogenous GCs. In the present study, we assessed the effect of the antenatal administration of aGCs in preterm babies with a special focus on the influence of the time of exposure. We found that preterm infants exposed to aGCs in the late evening (i.e.: out-of-phase relative to the maternal daily cortisol rhythms) exhibited reduced GR sensitivity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). By comparing the transcriptome of PBMCs we found significant changes in genes involved in antibody production and B cell signaling, leucocyte migration and proliferation, antigen presentation and cellular stress responses. Our data suggests that the aGCs exposure in the morning, in-phase and aligned with the maternal GC rhythms, would be advisable in the clinics to minimize these secondary effects and improve the capacity of preterm infants to fight against pathogens during the first weeks of life.
Published in
The timing of antenatal glucocorticoids determines the receptor sensitivity in preterm infants
Fortmann I, Britsemmer JH, Lehmann M et al. · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2026 · PMID 41693150 · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgag066
This dataset
Open GSE320139 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE320139_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1426442 and SRA study SRP678472. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 41693150) ↗
Study design
17 × PBMC_IP vs 17 × PBMC_OP vs 13 × PBMC_Control

Supports a between-group comparison across 47 samples.

How we read this: 3 replicated groups read from 47 sample titles; they account for 47 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study

+ 7 more — browse all 47 samples with per-sample file links →

Datasets on a similar topic

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