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Female iPSC X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) erosion and its transcriptomic effects during CRISPR gene editing and neural differentiation

GSE322198 Homo sapiens (human) Single-cell RNA-seq 228 samples Submitted 2026/03/04 Platform GPL34281
At a glance

Single-cell RNA-seq · human · 228 samples

What it is
Single-cell RNA-seqGene activity measured in thousands of individual cells, so cell types can be told apart. Read from the summary: GEO's own type field only says 'expression profiling by sequencing', so confirm it in the paper.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
228 samples: 227 × VGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Female iPSC X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) erosion and its transcriptomic effects during CRISPR gene editing and neural differentiationbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) and iPSC-differentiated neural cells, in combination with CRISPR editing, are commonly used for studying neurodevelopmental and other brain disorders. Female iPSCs undergo random X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) via epigenetic silencing by noncoding X inactive specific transcript (XIST). It is known that female iPSCs may lose XIST expression, leading to XCI erosion that affects both X-linked and autosomal gene expression.
Read the full summary ↓
However, the effects of CRSIPR editing and neural differentiation on XCI erosion in iPSC-derived neurons and how this may confound a real-world transcriptomic analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are poorly understood. Here, leveraging bulk RNA-seq of hundreds of CRISPR-edited female iPSC lines from four donor lines for 66 genes and single-cell RNA-seq of iPSC-derived neurons of a subset of 42 edited genes, we investigated the effects of XCI erosion during CRISPR editing and in iPSC-derived neurons. We found that XCI erosion was variable in CRISPR-edited female iPSCs and largely preserved in iPSC-derived neurons. Like in iPSCs, XIST in neurons predominately influenced the expression of X-linked genes; however, its effect on autosomal genes was more pronounced in single neurons. Mechanistically, XIST epigenetically causes allelic imbalance of both X-linked and autosomal genes, with the former showing stronger allele-specific expression (ASE) bias. Notably, XIST-induced ASE bias exhibited a conserved positional pattern at loci affecting neurodevelopmental genes across different female lines and cell types. Finally, we demonstrated a confounding effect of XCI erosion on DEG analyses in iPSC-derived neurons. These results have significant implications in hiPSC modeling of neurodevelopmental and other brain disorders.
Published in
Female iPSC X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) erosion and its transcriptomic effects during CRISPR gene editing and neural differentiation
Thapa C, Oh EK, Sirkin D et al. · bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2026 · PMID 41890091 · doi:10.64898/2026.02.27.708613
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE322198_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: Single-cell studies usually ship their counts as 10x files (matrix.mtx, barcodes.tsv, features.tsv), an .h5 file, or an .rds / .h5ad object that Seurat or Scanpy can open. Look for those among the supplementary files.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1429369 and SRA study SRP679854. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
227 × V

Supports a between-group comparison across 227 samples.

How we read this: 1 replicated groups read from 228 sample titles; they account for 227 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study

+ 188 more — browse all 228 samples with per-sample file links →

Datasets on a similar topic

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