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TRIM5 integrates hypoglycemic stress and influenza infection

GSE324859 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 24 samples Submitted 2026/04/10 Platform GPL21273Platform GPL20795
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 24 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
24 samples: 8 conditions, mostly in triplicateGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Summary (written by the submitters)
The role of glucose restriction in host antiviral defense remains elusive. Here, we investigate the impact of pre-existing hypoglycemia on host susceptibility to influenza infections. We find that male mouse models with intermittent hypoglycemia exhibit heightened vulnerability to influenza A virus (IAV) infections at low to moderate exposure levels.
Read the full summary ↓
This vulnerability is attributed to reduced expression of TRIM5 in the lung subsequent to hypoglycemic stress. Hypoglycemic stress activates AMPK protein to down-regulate ERK1/2 signaling and inhibit the transactivation activity of AP-1, thereby suppressing Trim5 transcription. Diminished expression of TRIM5 renders the male animals more susceptible to influenza infections as it compromises pulmonary antiviral immunity by attenuating type I interferon (IFN-I) production and signaling. These findings provide mechanistic insights into how pre-existing hypoglycemia detrimentally impacts host antiviral defense, and establish TRIM5 as a molecular link connecting metabolic stress to innate antiviral immunity.
This dataset
Open GSE324859 in finder → Find more RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE324859_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1438005 and SRA study SRP683972. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗
Study design
8 conditions, mostly in triplicate
Lung tissue, PBS treatment, 5 day, ×3 Lung tissue, 2 U/kg insulin treatment, 5 day, ×3 Lung tissue collected from control mice with … ×3 Lung tissue collected from hypoglycemic mice … ×3 MLE-12 cells, 25 mM glucose, 12 hours, ×3 MLE-12 cells, 1 mM glucose, 12 hours, ×3 A549 cells, 11.1 mM glucose, 24 hours, ×3 A549 cells, 1.1 mM glucose, 24 hours, ×3

Supports a between-group comparison across 24 samples.

How we read this: 8 replicated groups read from 24 sample titles; they account for 24 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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