Dual-Coupling Amplified Electrostimulaton Drives In Situ Bone Regeneration

Electrical stimulation is known to promote bone regeneration, but conventional systems often require wired connections or implanted power sources and provide limited stimulation to deep tissues. To address this, a dual-amplified body-coupled (DAB) electrostimulation approach was developed, enabling wireless deep-tissue stimulation by harvesting ambient low-frequency electrical fields. A conductive membrane electrode was chosen to focus electrical potentials at the bone-defect site, and both simulations and ex vivo measurements confirmed enhanced electric field intensity within bone tissue under DAB stimulation. To figure out the mechanistic insights, bulk RNA-seq analysis was conducted on DAB-stimulated human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs) and their corresponding controls across multiple time points (Days 2, 4, 7, and 14). Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis revealed that by Day 14 of DAB treatment, osteogenic markers including BMP2, BMP6, and SPP1 were significantly upregulated, suggesting enhanced osteogenic differentiation, as these genes are integral to bone formation and mineralization processes.