← BioTransfer GEO Dataset Finder
GEO series

Time-Resolved Multi-Omics Identify Biomarkers of Immediate Reactions to mRNA Vaccination [RNA-Seq]

GSE325054 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 187 samples Submitted 2026/07/21 Platform GPL30173
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 187 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
187 samples: 187 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groupsGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Time-Resolved Multi-Omics Identify Biomarkers of Immediate Reactions to mRNA VaccinationAllergy · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Background: Immediate vaccine reactions, including systemic allergic reactions (sARs) and immunization stress-related responses (ISRRs) require distinct management and contribute to vaccine hesitancy; improved molecular understanding may enhance patient care and vaccine implementations. Objective: To compare early immune and metabolic signatures and downstream immunity after vaccination in participants who experienced sARs, ISSRs, or no-reaction to second and booster doses of BNT162b2.
Read the full summary ↓
Methods: We analyzed samples from a double-blind, placebo-controlled re-vaccination trial of BNT162b2 in individuals with suspected allergic reactions to a first dose of mRNA vaccine. Whole-blood transcriptomics, plasma proteomics, metabolomics, blood counts, and flow cytometry were measured 0.5–24 hours after second vaccine dose, booster, and placebo. Anti-spike antibodies were measured longitudinally; anti-nucleocapsid antibodies indicated intercurrent infection. Results: Interferon and antiviral transcriptional programs were conserved across reaction groups 24 h after vaccination. Early neutrophil activation and degranulation signatures peaked at 6 hours in no-reaction participants but were diminished in ISRR despite similar early neutrophil mobilization. ISRRs also showed reduced basophil activation and recruitment markers and early increases in norepinephrine with sustained elevations of bisphosphoglycerate and 2/3-phosphoglycerate. sARs showed opposite metabolite trajectories and trended towards early upregulation of neutrophil CD63. Anti-spike antibody responses after the second dose and booster were robust across reaction groups, although longer time intervals between the first and second vaccine dose were associated with lower anti-spike antibody levels. Conclusion: Time-resolved immune and metabolic signatures revealed candidate biomarkers that distinguished ISRRs from sARs. Vaccine-induced antiviral transcriptional responses and humoral immunity were preserved in all reaction groups.
Published in
Time-Resolved Multi-Omics Identify Biomarkers of Immediate Reactions to mRNA Vaccination
Olivera A, Schwarz B, Dulek B et al. · Allergy 2026 · PMID 42466809 · doi:10.1111/all.70442
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE325054_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1438474 and SRA study SRP684379. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
187 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groups

Any grouping that defines a comparison lives in the sample characteristics, which GEO records separately from the titles.

How we read this: Read from 187 sample titles: 187 distinct titles with little repetition. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study

+ 147 more — browse all 187 samples with per-sample file links →

Datasets on a similar topic

Search all human RNA-seq datasets in GEO →

Share this dataset

Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.