GEO series

A positive feedback loop between BACH1 and IL-1β promotes the progression of HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

GSE325366 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 12 samples Submitted 2026/07/22 Platform GPL24676

At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 12 samples

What it is: RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Topic: Head and neck cancerThis series is part of our curated briefing on it.
Samples: 12 samples
Data you can get: A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper: A positive feedback loop between BACH1 and IL-1β promotes the progression of HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinomaCell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026

Summary (written by the submitters)

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with a poorer prognosis compared to its HPV-positive counterpart; however, the underlying regulatory molecular mechanisms driving its progression remain poorly understood. In this study, we identify BTB Domain and CNC Homolog 1 (BACH1) as a critical oncogenic regulator that is upregulated in HPV-negative HNSCC.

Read the full summary ↓

We demonstrate that BACH1 promotes tumor progression by enhancing the proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis of cancer cells. Mechanistically, BACH1 is associated with the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex and transcriptionally activates downstream target genes, including IL1B, thereby inducing a transcriptional reprogramming that promotes proliferation and resists apoptosis. Notably, BACH1-driven upregulation of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) establishes a positive feedback loop that sustains oncogenic signaling. Pharmacological disruption of this axis using the IL-1 receptor antagonist Anakinra significantly attenuates tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Clinically, co-upregulation of BACH1, BRG1, and IL-1β is correlated with reduced overall survival in patients with HPV-negative HNSCC. Collectively, our findings characterize the BACH1–IL-1β signaling axis as a prognostic biomarker and highlight IL-1R blockade as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HPV-negative HNSCC.

Published in

A positive feedback loop between BACH1 and IL-1β promotes the progression of HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Zhang Z, Wang M, Wang W et al. · Cell communication and signaling : CCS 2026 · PMID 42178570 · doi:10.1186/s12964-026-02957-2

This dataset

Open GSE325366 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets → Head and neck cancer landscape →

Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE325366_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1439794 and SRA study SRP685083. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 42178570) ↗

Samples in this study

The sample list for this study is not cached yet. Press Load samples and it will be fetched from NCBI.

+ 12 more — browse all 12 samples with per-sample file links →

More Head and neck cancer datasets

GSE181919 Single-cell transcriptome profiling of the stepwise progression of head and neck cancer 37 samples same disease briefing · shares progression
GSE140042 Single-cell atlas of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma 18 samples same disease briefing · shares squamous
GSE185965 Single cell RNA sequencing of head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) patient sample 3 samples same disease briefing · shares squamous
GSE173647 Single-cell Sequencing Analysis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma 2 samples same disease briefing · shares squamous
GSE172146 Aberrant translation regulation by METTL1/WDR4-mediated tRNA N7-methylguanosine modification drives HNSCC progression 28 samples same disease briefing · shares progression
GSE176077 RNA-seq profiling of salivary transcriptome reveals potential diagnostic RNAs and oral microbial dysbiosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma 28 samples same disease briefing · shares squamous
GSE103322 Single cell RNA-seq analysis of head and neck cancer 5901 samples same disease briefing
GSE139324 Immune landscape of viral- and carcinogen-drived head and neck cancer 63 samples same disease briefing

Search all human RNA-seq datasets in GEO →

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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.