Comparison of the pathogenicity of CA10 with CA16 and EV71 that cause hand, foot and mouth disease in a mouse model

In this study, models of CA10, CA16 and EV71 infection were established in 7-day-old Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice by intraperitoneal injection to analyze the pathogenicity of these viruses. RNA sequencing analysis was used to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after CA10 infection, and innate immune-related pathways were activated in muscle. Compared with CA16 and EV71 infection, CA10 may have an inhibitory effect on Th cell differentiation and cell growth. Additionally, the common DEGs in the three viruses were most enriched in the immune system response, including the Toll-like receptor pathway and the nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like pathway. Our findings revealed a group of genes that coordinate in response to CA10 infection and are shared by the three viruses, which increases our understanding of the pathological mechanism of HFMD.