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Inhaled Xenon modulates microglia and ameliorates disease in mouse models of amyloidosis and tauopathy [5xFAD-MITRG Astrocytes 6M]

GSE271423 Mus musculus (mouse) RNA-seq (gene expression) 10 samples Submitted 2025/01/15 Platform GPL19057
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · mouse · 10 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples
10 samples: 10 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groupsGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Inhaled xenon modulates microglia and ameliorates disease in mouse models of amyloidosis and tauopathyScience translational medicine · 2025
Summary (written by the submitters)
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerativedisorder. Currently, anti-amyloid antibody treatments modestly slow disease progression in milddementia due to AD.Emerging evidence shows that homeostatic dysregulation of the brainimmune system, especially that orchestrated by microglia, plays a significant role in the onset andprogression of the disease, including an increase in neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.Thus,a major question is how to modulate
Read the full summary ↓
the phenotype and function of microglia to treat AD.Xenongas (Xe) is a noble gas used in human patients as an anesthetic and neuroprotectant in treatingbrain injuries. Xe penetratestheblood-brain barrier, which can make it an effective therapeutic.WeidentifiedthatXeinhalationpolarizesmouse and human microglia towards an intermediatestate of activation that we have termedas‘pre-MGnD’ in anacute neurodegeneration model andmouse models with AD-like pathology, i.e.,5xFAD (amyloid) and P301S (tau). This microglialphenotypic transition enhanced amyloid plaque compaction and reduced dystrophic neurites.Moreover, Xe inhalation reduced brain atrophy neuroinflammationand improved nest-buildingbehavior in APOE4:P301S mice. Mechanistically, Xe inhalation polarizes homeostatic microgliatoward a pre-MGnD state via IFNsignaling that maintains the microglial phagocytic responsewhile suppressing its pro-inflammatory properties. These resultssupport the translation of Xeinhalation as a novel approach to treatingAD.
Published in
Inhaled xenon modulates microglia and ameliorates disease in mouse models of amyloidosis and tauopathy
Brandao W, Jain N, Yin Z et al. · Science translational medicine 2025 · PMID 39813317 · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.adk3690
This dataset
Open GSE271423 in finder → Find more mouse RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE271423_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1131372 and SRA study SRP517822. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 39813317) ↗
Study design
10 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groups

Any grouping that defines a comparison lives in the sample characteristics, which GEO records separately from the titles.

How we read this: Read from 10 sample titles: 10 distinct titles with little repetition. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
Datasets on a similar topic

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