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Hyperinnervation inhibits organ-level regeneration in mammalian skin

GSE276119 Mus musculus (mouse) Single-cell RNA-seq 16 samples Submitted 2026/03/20 Platform GPL24247
At a glance

Single-cell RNA-seq · mouse · 16 samples

What it is
Single-cell RNA-seqGene activity measured in thousands of individual cells, so cell types can be told apart. Read from the summary: GEO's own type field only says 'expression profiling by sequencing', so confirm it in the paper.
Organism
Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples
16 samples: 8 conditions, mostly in duplicateGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Hyperinnervation inhibits organ-level regeneration in mammalian skinCell · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Some mammalian tissues can replace lost cells within one lineage, but organ-level regeneration—restoring diverse cell types across lineages—remains rare. Here we show that late embryonic full-thickness skin injuries heal by regenerating epithelial, mesenchymal, neuronal, and vascular lineages with proper connectivity. However, this ability is lost soon after birth, leading to a failure to restore most cell types and hyperinnervation of the wound bed.
Read the full summary ↓
Single-cell sequencing identified a postnatal wound-specific fibroblast (PWF) population absent after embryonic wounding. Through an in vivo screen, we discovered three PWF-enriched genes—Timp1, Cxcl12, and Ccl7—that inhibit organ-level regeneration and cause hyperinnervation when overexpressed in embryonic wounds. Reducing hyperinnervation by depleting Cxcl12 in fibroblasts or inhibiting synaptic release enables postnatal skin to regenerate diverse lineages after injury. Our study identifies mechanisms transitioning an organ from regenerative to non-regenerative, discovers fibroblast-driven hyperinnervation as a key barrier, and demonstrates removing this barrier unlocks organ-level regeneration.
Published in
Hyperinnervation inhibits organ-level regeneration in mammalian skin
Tam HT, Peng J, Freeman R et al. · Cell 2026 · PMID 41864207 · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2026.02.027
This dataset
Open GSE276119 in finder → Find more mouse RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE276119_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: Single-cell studies usually ship their counts as 10x files (matrix.mtx, barcodes.tsv, features.tsv), an .h5 file, or an .rds / .h5ad object that Seurat or Scanpy can open. Look for those among the supplementary files.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1154938 and SRA study SRP529826. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 41864207) ↗
Study design
8 conditions, mostly in duplicate
P5 wound, day 3 after wounding, ×2 P8 unwounded, ×2 E16.5 wound, day 3 after wounding, ×2 P0 unwounded, ×2 E16.5 wound, day 3 after wounding, injected w… ×2 E16.5 wound, day 3 after wounding, injected w… ×2 Cxcl12 KO, P5 wound, day 3 after wounding, ×2 Cxcl12 WT, P5 wound, day 3 after wounding, ×2

Supports a between-group comparison across 16 samples.

How we read this: 8 replicated groups read from 16 sample titles; they account for 16 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
Datasets on a similar topic

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