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Mitochondria isolated from male skeletal muscle contain a small and distinct population of microRNA that are differentially expressed following acute endurance exercise

GSE276889 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 33 samples Submitted 2026/04/13 Platform GPL24676
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 33 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
33 samples: 12 × human skm post exercise participant vs 11 × human skm 3hpost exercise participant vs 10 × human skm pre exercise participantGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
A Distinct Population of Mitochondrial miRNA in Human Male Skeletal Muscle Assessed Before and After ExerciseFASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Initially thought to localise at the cytosol and nucleus only, emerging evidence indicates that miRNAs also localise within the mitochondria where they could regulate diverse pathological and physiological processes. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to use small RNA sequencing to profile the entire population of miRNAs in human skeletal muscle of healthy males in isolated mitochondria and whole-tissue in response to acute endurance exercise.
Read the full summary ↓
Twelve healthy males (age 26 ± 4 years, mean ± SD) cycled for 60 min at 70% VO2peak and muscle biopsies were collected at rest, immediately after and 3 h after exercise. The mitochondria were isolated by immunoprecipitation, further purified, then the resident RNA was sequenced to assess the mitochondrial transcriptome. Small RNA sequencing revealed that mitochondria isolated from male skeletal muscle tissue contain a small and distinct population of miRNAs. Of the approximately 110 mature miRNAs detected in skeletal muscle mitochondria at each time-point, the canonical myo-miRs miR-1, miR-133 and miR-206 families constituted on average 45% of total mitochondria miRNA reads. However, none of the canonical myo-miRs were differentially expressed in mitochondria following endurance exercise. Future research is now required to investigate miRNA-mRNA interactions in the mitochondria of skeletal muscle tissue.
Published in
A Distinct Population of Mitochondrial miRNA in Human Male Skeletal Muscle Assessed Before and After Exercise
Silver JL, Hiam D, Loke S et al. · FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 2026 · PMID 41964396 · doi:10.1096/fj.202500435R
This dataset
Open GSE276889 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE276889_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1159343 and SRA study SRP531922. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 41964396) ↗
Study design
12 × human skm post exercise participant vs 11 × human skm 3hpost exercise participant vs 10 × human skm pre exercise participant

Supports a between-group comparison across 33 samples.

How we read this: 3 replicated groups read from 33 sample titles; they account for 33 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
Datasets on a similar topic

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