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LOXL2 protects temporomandibular joint from mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis and osteoarthritis like progression

GSE276978 Mus musculus (mouse) RNA-seq (gene expression) 20 samples Submitted 2026/02/11 Platform GPL24247
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · mouse · 20 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples
20 samples: 12 × LOXL2, Knockout, vs 8 × LOXL2, Control,Groups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
LOXL2 deletion triggers TMJ osteoarthritis, while overexpression protects it from NF-κB-induced chondrocyte apoptosisInternational journal of oral science · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) affects a significant population, and there are no FDA-approved drugs for its treatment. Our previous studies showed that lysyl oxidase-like-2 (LOXL2) has anabolic effects on cartilage; however, whether LOXL2 plays a role in relieving TMJ-OA remains unknown. The goal of this study was to comprehensively investigate LOXL2 mechanism in TMJ protection, with an emphasis on transcriptomic network analysis, mitochondria, and apoptosis during TMJ-OA.
Read the full summary ↓
We showed that the TMJ is transcriptionally unique compared to the knee, with elevated Loxl2 expression and cartilage-degenerative genes, potentially indicating its different mechanisms of action. Aggrecan promoter-specific homozygous deletion of Loxl2 in mice resulted in a cartilage-degeneration phenotype, mitochondrial dysfunction, NF-κβ-mediated chondrocyte apoptosis, and inflammatory immune response leading to TMJ-OA-like conditions. IL-1β is known to induce osteoarthritis via NF-κβ. With regard to translation, adenoviral-Loxl2 transduction in ex-vivo goat cartilage reduced the IL-1β-mediated degenerative effects. Importantly, LOXL2 preserved IL-1β–induced mitochondrial dysfunction, p62-mediated mitophagy, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix degeneration. Overall, we identified the protective role of LOXL2 during natural TMJ-OA-like progression and established LOXL2 as a potential candidate gene therapy candidate for future therapeutics.
Published in
LOXL2 deletion triggers TMJ osteoarthritis, while overexpression protects it from NF-κB-induced chondrocyte apoptosis
Raut RD, Choudhury C, Ali F et al. · International journal of oral science 2026 · PMID 41633981 · doi:10.1038/s41368-025-00409-0
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE276978_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1159874 and SRA study SRP532163. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
12 × LOXL2, Knockout, vs 8 × LOXL2, Control,

Supports a case/control comparison: 12 samples read as cases, 8 as controls.

How we read this: 2 replicated groups read from 20 sample titles; they account for 20 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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