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Evolutionary fingerprint in rodent PD1 confers weakened activity and enhanced tumor immunity compared to human PD1

GSE280853 Mus musculus Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Other 4 samples Submitted 2024/11/05 Platform GPL34290
Summary
Mechanistic understanding of the immune checkpoint receptor PD1 is largely based on mouse models, but human and mouse PD1 orthologs exhibit only 59.6% identity in amino acid sequences, raising the question of potential cross-species functional differences. Based on our biochemical evidence that human PD1 is more inhibitory than mouse PD1, we addressed the functional consequence of PD1 humanization in a mouse melanoma model with adoptively transferred T cells. Using CITE-seq (cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing), we found that humanization of PD1 intracellular domain (ICD) in CD8 T cells decreases the numbers, effector functions, and differentiation of intratumoral T cells. Specifically, PD1 humanization reduced the number of effector-like exhausted T cell subset while increasing the precursor-exhausted T cell subset, the latter of which is known to respond to anti-PD(L)1 therapy.
Published in
Functional differences between rodent and human PD-1 linked to evolutionary divergence
Masubuchi T, Chen L, Marcel N et al. · Science immunology 2025 · PMID 39752535 · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.ads6295
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Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1180928 and SRA study SRP542617. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

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