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Microglial reprogramming enhances antitumor immunity and immunotherapy response in melanoma brain metastases

GSE285670 Mus musculus Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing 6 samples Submitted 2025/02/07 Platform GPL24247
Summary
Melanoma is one of the tumor types with the highest risk of brain metastasis. However, the biology of melanoma brain metastasis and the contribution of the brain immune microenvironment to the responses to therapies remain insufficiently characterized. By using preclinical models and single-cell transcriptomics, we identify a mechanism to promote antitumor immunity in melanoma brain metastasis. We show that activation of the Rela/NF-kB pathway in microglia promotes melanoma brain metastasis and that targeting this pathway elicits microglia reprogramming towards a proinflammatory phenotype that enhances antitumor immunity and reduces brain metastatic burden. Additionally, proinflammatory microglial markers in melanoma brain metastasis correlate with better responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients and we show that Rela/NF-kB targeting improves responses to these therapies in the brain. Thus, we propose targeting Rela/NF-kB in activated microglia as a strategy to promote antitumor immunity and responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma brain metastasis.
Published in
Microglial reprogramming enhances antitumor immunity and immunotherapy response in melanoma brain metastases
Rodriguez-Baena FJ, Marquez-Galera A, Ballesteros-Martinez P et al. · Cancer cell 2025 · PMID 39919736 · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2025.01.008
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Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1205401 and SRA study SRP554819. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

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