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Deep learning identifies Pbx1 as a network hub of hematopoietic stem cell aging [Pbx1 RNA-seq]

GSE286961 Mus musculus (mouse) Single-cell RNA-seq 12 samples Submitted 2026/07/13 Platform GPL24247
At a glance

Single-cell RNA-seq · mouse · 12 samples

What it is
Single-cell RNA-seqGene activity measured in thousands of individual cells, so cell types can be told apart. Read from the summary: GEO's own type field only says 'expression profiling by sequencing', so confirm it in the paper.
Organism
Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples
12 samples: 3 × Young_Mock_RNAseq_D3 vs 3 × Young_Pbx1OE_RNAseq_D3 vs 3 × Old_Mock_RNAseq_D3 vs 3 × Old_Pbx1OE_RNAseq_D3Groups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Summary (written by the submitters)
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) constitute a well-structured hematopoietic system that undergoes an age-related bias toward myeloid/platelet differentiation. The mechanism by which this aging hallmark is deeply embedded in intrinsic HSC programs is unknown. Using single-cell RNA-seq data, old HSCs harbor two distinct transcriptional programs: one shared with megakaryocytes and the other associated with the most primitive HSCs.
Read the full summary ↓
By employing a transformer-based model that captures higher-order differences between young and aging HSCs and integrating time-series transcriptomic analyses, epigenetic studies, and comprehensive transcription factor screens, we identified Pbx1 as a central gene controlling both age-related transcriptional programs and differentiation defects in old HSCs. Pbx1 suppresses erythroid differentiation by repressing Gata1 expression. In addition, we found that the histone methyltransferase G9a/GLP acts as an epigenetic regulator that specifically inhibits Gata1 expression and erythroid differentiation. These findings provide insight into the differentiation defects associated with stem cell aging and potential strategies for rejuvenation.
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE286961_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: Single-cell studies usually ship their counts as 10x files (matrix.mtx, barcodes.tsv, features.tsv), an .h5 file, or an .rds / .h5ad object that Seurat or Scanpy can open. Look for those among the supplementary files.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1202576. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
3 × Young_Mock_RNAseq_D3 vs 3 × Young_Pbx1OE_RNAseq_D3 vs 3 × Old_Mock_RNAseq_D3 vs 3 × Old_Pbx1OE_RNAseq_D3

Supports a between-group comparison across 12 samples.

How we read this: 4 replicated groups read from 12 sample titles; they account for 12 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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