Ribociclib Derivative RB-BC Induces Apoptosis in Breast Cancer through p53 Pathway Activation

Breast cancer persists as the most prevalent malignancy and principal contributor to cancer-associated mortality among women worldwide, exhibiting marked disease heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance. Consequently, the development of novel therapeutic agents remains imperative. Ribociclib, a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor, has emerged as a focus in adjuvant breast cancer research due to its mechanism of cell cycle arrest induction.Building upon this rationale, we designed and synthesized a novel ribociclib derivative RB-BC, systematically investigating its anti-neoplastic efficacy and molecular mechanisms in breast cancer through integrated in vitro and in vivo experimental systems. The compound's anti-proliferative effects were quantitatively assessed via MTT assays , EdU incorporation assays , and colony formation assays .Functional characterization through cell adhesion assays, scratch wound healing assays, and Transwell invasion assays demonstrated RB-BC’s dose-dependent suppression of tumor migration and invasion. Mechanistic analyses via RNA sequencing and Western blotting revealed that its anti-tumor activity primarily stems from p53 pathway activation, inducing caspase-3-mediated apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Machine learning algorithms identified p53-associated genetic signatures, and subsequent bioinformatics analyses elucidated their significant correlation with immune cell infiltration dynamics in the tumor microenvironment (TME).Moreover, RB-BC effectively suppressed tumor growth in vivo and significantly disrupted angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. In summary, the ribociclib-derived compound RB-BC demonstrates compelling potential as a candidate therapeutic agent for breast cancer.