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PU.1 is a mediator of the reactive stroma response associated with castration-resistant prostate cancer

GSE296466 Mus musculus (mouse) RNA-seq (gene expression) 46 samples Submitted 2026/04/27 Platform GPL24247
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · mouse · 46 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples
46 samples: 18 conditions, mostly in duplicateGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
PU.1 is a mediator of the reactive stromal response associated with castration-resistant prostate cancerCommunications biology · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Emerging evidence demonstrates the pivotal role played by the tumor microenvironment, particularly cancer-associated fibroblasts, during prostate cancer tumorigenesis and the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer. In this study, we aimed to characterize the stromal gene expression profile of advanced stages of prostate cancer to identify targetable factors associated with castration-resistant prostate cancer progression.
Read the full summary ↓
Transcriptomic and histological analysis of the mouse stromal component of androgen-sensitive (PNPCa, BM18) and castration-resistant (LAPC9) patient-derived xenograft models representative of advanced prostate cancer was performed. Master regulator analysis of the patient-derived xenograft stromal gene expression profile was performed to identify targetable stromal-associated transcription factors. Patient-derived xenograft collagen-based organoid tumor-fibroblast 3D co-cultures were established to study tumor-fibroblast interactions and to test the effect of an identified fibroblast-targeting compound. Transcriptomic and histological analysis determined the presence of a “reactive” pro-fibrotic stroma in the castration-resistant (LAPC9) versus the castration-sensitive (PNPCa, BM18) xenograft models, characterized by alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive “myofibroblast-like” cancer-associated fibroblasts, high levels of collagen and tenascin C deposition, and upregulation of myofibroblast and inflammatory markers. Intra-tumoral collagen- and tenascin-positive stromal areas specifically correlate with higher tumor invasiveness. Master regulator analysis identified the transcription factor PU.1 as a mediator of the LAPC9 pro-fibrotic phenotype, whose transcriptional activity can be specifically inhibited by a small molecule (DB1976) that prevents its DNA binding. In LAPC9 collagen-based tumor-fibroblast 3D co-cultures, inhibition of stromal PU.1 activity reverted the fibroblast-associated myofibroblast phenotype and, in turn, reduced tumor organoid growth. In this study, we identified the transcription factor PU.1 as a novel targetable molecular player of the pro-fibrotic, cancer-associated fibroblast phenotype in PCa, and we highlighted the applicability of 3D tumor organoid-fibroblast co-cultures as in vitro tools to test the effect of stromal-targeting compounds.
Published in
PU.1 is a mediator of the reactive stromal response associated with castration-resistant prostate cancer
Bonollo F, Hanhart D, de Brot S et al. · Communications biology 2026 · PMID 42215676 · doi:10.1038/s42003-026-10297-7
This dataset
Open GSE296466 in finder → Find more mouse RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE296466_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1259426 and SRA study SRP583341. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 42215676) ↗
Study design
18 conditions, mostly in duplicate
PNPCa mouse fibroblasts, p2, Experiment 26_22… ×2 BM18 mouse fraction, p0, Experiment 3_22, m ×2 BM18 mouse fibroblasts, p2, Experiment 45_22,… ×2 LAPC9 mouse fraction, p0, Experiment 63_22, m… ×2 LAPC9 mouse fibroblasts, p2, Experiment 63_22… ×2 PNPCa mouse fraction, p0, Experiment 63_22, m… ×2 PNPCa mouse fibroblasts, p2, Experiment 63_22… ×2 BM18 mouse fibroblasts, p2, Experiment 65_22,… ×2 +20 more

Supports a between-group comparison across 36 samples.

How we read this: 18 replicated groups read from 46 sample titles; they account for 36 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study

+ 6 more — browse all 46 samples with per-sample file links →

Datasets on a similar topic

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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.