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Pancreatic cells are resistant to KRASQ61L expression due to hyperactivation of ERK/MAPK signaling and induction of apoptosis

GSE303643 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 12 samples Submitted 2025/08/11 Platform GPL24676
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 12 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Topic
Pancreatic cancerThis series is part of our curated briefing on it.
Samples
12 samples: 3 × HPNE cells, EV, vs 3 × HPNE cells, KRAS(G12D), vs 3 × HPNE cells, KRAS(G12R), vs 3 × HPNE cells, KRAS(Q61L),Groups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Pancreatic Cells Are Resistant to KRASQ61L Expression due to Hyperactive ERK/MAPK Signaling and Apoptosis InductionCancer research communications · 2025
Summary (written by the submitters)
The RAS family of small GTPases is among the most frequently mutated gene families in human cancer. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), ~95% of cases harbor an activating KRAS mutation, primarily at codon 12, 13, or 61, with G12D the most common overall (40%). In contrast, the KRASQ61L mutation, though constitutively active, is virtually absent in PDAC patient tumors.
Read the full summary ↓
This suggests that KRASQ61L may engage in distinct, allele-specific signaling that limits its ability to drive tumorigenesis. Determining the mechanisms that limit the occurrence of this mutation will aid in our understanding of the critical KRAS effectors and pathways that drive tumorigenesis. To investigate these mechanisms, we utilized a tightly controlled doxycycline-inducible KRAS expression system in an isogenic, immortalized pancreatic cell line, enabling direct comparison of KRASQ61L to the common PDAC mutant KRASG12D. Using TurboID proximity labeling alongside RNA sequencing, we mapped early effector interactions and transcriptional responses, revealing that KRASQ61L induces greater hyperactivation of the ERK/MAPK pathway, resulting in increased nuclear translocation of ERK1/2. Finally, pancreatic cells are highly tolerant to overexpression of KRASG12D, but KRASQ61L overexpression leads to impaired proliferation and increased apoptosis. These findings provide experimental support for the long-standing "Goldilocks" model of oncogenic signaling, where too much ERK/MAPK pathway activation is detrimental to tumorigenesis. Our work offers a mechanistic explanation for the relative absence of KRASQ61L in PDAC and contributes to our understanding of KRAS allele-specific vulnerabilities, which can inform future therapeutic strategies targeting KRAS-driven pancreatic cancer.
Published in
Pancreatic Cells Are Resistant to KRASQ61L Expression due to Hyperactive ERK/MAPK Signaling and Apoptosis Induction
Burge RA, Bialousow L, McFall T et al. · Cancer research communications 2025 · PMID 40951926 · doi:10.1158/2767-9764.CRC-25-0281
This dataset
Open GSE303643 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets → Pancreatic cancer landscape →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE303643_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1295978 and SRA study SRP603541. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 40951926) ↗
Study design
3 × HPNE cells, EV, vs 3 × HPNE cells, KRAS(G12D), vs 3 × HPNE cells, KRAS(G12R), vs 3 × HPNE cells, KRAS(Q61L),

Supports a between-group comparison across 12 samples.

How we read this: 4 replicated groups read from 12 sample titles; they account for 12 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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