Tumor-associated Schwann cell remodeling under metabolic stress via lactate sensing orchestrates [ChIP-seq, MeRIP-seq, RNA-seq]

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a known risk factor for pancreatic cancer, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Using in vivo models of diabetes-driven pancreatic tumorigenesis and metabolomics analysis, we demonstrate that metabolic stress induced by DM promotes pancreatic cancer progression by remodeling tumor-associated Schwann cells (TASs), impairing CD8+ T cell function. We discover that Mettl16+ Cd276+ Nectin2+ Schwann cells play a crucial role in mediating the pro-carcinogenic effects of lactate. Remodeled METTL16+ Schwann cells secret immune evasion factors (CD276, NECTIN2), contributing to anti-PD1 resistance. Furthermore, rosuvastatin was identified in this study as a novel METTL16 inhibitor for pancreatic cancer under metabolic stress. In conclusion, our study underscores the critical role of lactate in the metabolic reprogramming of pancreatic cancer mediated by Schwann cell remodeling, revealing novel pathways for therapeutic intervention.