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Reconstitution of human fetal ovaries reveals niche requirements for primordial germ cell-like cell progression

GSE309100 Homo sapiens Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing 6 samples Submitted 2026/03/02 Platform GPL34281
Summary
Human primordial germ cell-like cells (hPGCLCs) can be specified from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), offering a valuable model for human germ cell development. However, further maturation steps of hPGCLCs rely on mouse feeders, or co-culture with mouse gonadal somatic cells. Exposure of hPGCLCs to human embryonic niche has not been attempted. Here, we co-cultured female hPGCLCs in two distinct somatic compartments. In reconstituted ovary (rOv) culture, human fetal germ cells proliferate and initiate meiosis, while hPGCLCs upregulate gonadal germ cell markers such as DDX4. Additionally, hPGCLCs can be supported in 3D culture by the amnion-like cells (AMLC) generated during PGCLC differentiation. Compared to rOV, hPGCLCs are less prone to dedifferentiation in PGCLC/AMLC aggregates. Finally, we demonstrated that SCF is crucial for the survival of hPGCLCs but not second trimester fetal germ cells. Together, this work highlights a shift in niche is required in human germ cell development.
Published in
Reconstitution of the cellular niche requirements for primordial germ cell-like cell progression in humans
Chang YW, Trimp M, Helm TV et al. · Stem cell reports 2026 · PMID 41759526 · doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2026.102826
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Direct links to NCBI, no account and no request form: the whole study as GSE309100_RAW.tar, processed values as the series matrix, the supplementary file directory, and per-sample supplementary files for any of the 6 samples. Raw sequencing reads are also available from ENA.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1333951 and SRA study SRP626415. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

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