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Linezolid prevents fibroblast activation and ameliorates tissue fibrosis by inhibition of mitochondrial translation

GSE310202 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 36 samples Submitted 2026/01/29 Platform GPL24247Platform GPL24676
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 36 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
36 samples: 10 conditions, mostly in triplicateGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Linezolid-mediated Prevention of Fibroblast Activation and Tissue Fibrosis via Mitochondrial Translation InhibitionArthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Background: Beyond its role as a ribosome-targeting antibiotic, linezolid was recently shown to modulate immune responses by inhibiting mitochondrial translation. Since mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in various fibrotic diseases, including systemic sclerosis (SSc), this study aimed to evaluate the antifibrotic potential of linezolid and delineate its underlying mechanisms in SSc.
Read the full summary ↓
Methods: The effects of linezolid on fibrotic tissue remodeling were assessed using multiple experimental systems: human dermal fibroblasts, human macrophages, three-dimensional SSc skin equivalents (SScSE), the murine model of sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host disease (sclGvHD) and precision-cut skin slices (PCSS) obtained from SSc patients, by RNA sequencing, immunofluorescence, Western Blot and histology. Mitochondrial function was evaluated using Seahorse assays alongside mitochondrial protein synthesis assessments. Results: Linezolid inhibited TGFβ-induced fibroblast activation in cultured human fibroblasts, SScSE, sclGvHD mice and SSc PCSS, as demonstrated by reversal of profibrotic gene expression programs, downregulation of TGFβ, WNT, and JAK-STAT signaling and by reductions in αSMA expression or stress fiber formation, which led to reduced collagen deposition and ameliorated skin or lung fibrosis in vivo. Mechanistically, linezolid induced metabolic alterations by inhibiting mitochondrial translation in fibroblasts to hamper the oxidative phosphorylation, reduce the NAD⁺/NADH ratio and downregulate glycolysis, an essential metabolic pathway for fibroblast activation. Conclusions: This study provides first evidence that inhibiting mitochondrial translation with linezolid ameliorates fibrotic tissue remodeling. Since linezolid is already clinically approved as a reserve antibiotic, these findings hold translational promise and support the use of linezolid as a novel treatment for fibrotic disorders after further validation.
Published in
Linezolid-mediated Prevention of Fibroblast Activation and Tissue Fibrosis via Mitochondrial Translation Inhibition
Hong X, Xiao Y, Qi H et al. · Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) 2026 · PMID 41236049 · doi:10.1002/art.43440
This dataset
Open GSE310202 in finder → Find more RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE310202_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1365264 and SRA study SRP645535. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 41236049) ↗
Study design
10 conditions, mostly in triplicate
Allogeneic treated vancomycin ×5 Syngeneic ×4 Allogeneic treated linezolid ×4 PCSS ×4 PCSS+linezolid ×4 Allogeneic ×3 Fibroblast TGFβ ×3 Fibroblast TGFβ+linezolid ×3 +2 more

Supports a between-group comparison across 36 samples.

How we read this: 10 replicated groups read from 36 sample titles; they account for 36 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
Datasets on a similar topic

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