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“Zipper” Grammar of CTD Governs the Spatial Programing of the Transcription Cycle of RNA Polymerase II [ChIP-Seq]

GSE313488 Homo sapiens (human) ChIP-seq / ATAC-seq (genome binding and open chromatin) 10 samples Submitted 2026/04/02 Platform GPL24676
At a glance

ChIP-seq / ATAC-seq (genome binding and open chromatin) · human · 10 samples

What it is
ChIP-seq / ATAC-seq (genome binding and open chromatin)Where proteins bind the genome, or which regions are open and active.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
10 samples: 10 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groupsGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
A tunable CTD grammar governs the spatial programming of the transcription cycleNature communications · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
RNA polymerase II transcribes all protein-coding genes in eukaryotes, with its C-terminal domain (CTD) acting as a regulatory platform throughout the transcription cycle. Despite its simple sequence, the conserved heptad repeats encode a regulatory grammar critical for transcription initiation, elongation, and termination. Using structural analysis, single-molecule imaging, and synthetic CTD-engineered Pol II constructs, we defined the minimal sequence requirements across transcriptional stages.
Read the full summary ↓
We show that while SP motifs are essential phosphorylation sites, flanking residues tolerate variability. In contrast, the periodic positioning of tyrosine residues is indispensable for pre-initiation complex (PIC) assembly through interactions with the Mediator, which are disrupted upon Ser5 phosphorylation triggering promoter escape. This supports a “zipper” model where sequential tyrosine engagement stabilizes PIC assembly and progressive phosphorylation propels Pol II escape. Site-specific Ser2/5 phosphorylation orchestrates 3’-end processing factor recruitment. These findings redefine the functional grammar of the Pol II CTD and explain how a low-complexity sequence achieves regulatory specificity.
Published in
A tunable CTD grammar governs the spatial programming of the transcription cycle
Zhang Q, Hardtke HA, Zheng Y et al. · Nature communications 2026 · PMID 42120422 · doi:10.1038/s41467-026-72994-5
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE313488_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: Look for peak files (.bed, .narrowPeak) and signal tracks (.bigWig) among the supplementary files; the raw reads are on ENA.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1356534 and SRA study SRP639976. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
10 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groups

Any grouping that defines a comparison lives in the sample characteristics, which GEO records separately from the titles.

How we read this: Read from 10 sample titles: 10 distinct titles with little repetition. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
Datasets on a similar topic

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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.