Mechanism of Action of Self-Assembled Nanoparticles from Cornus officinalis in Alleviating Chemotherapy-Induced Myelosuppression.

Myelosuppression is a major side effect of chemotherapy, with a lack of ideal therapeutic approaches. In this study, self-assembled nanoparticles (PCFNPs) were prepared from Cornus officinalis. It was found that in myelosuppression models induced by cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, and cisplatin, PCFNPs effectively improved blood parameters, reduced atrophy of immune organs, and decreased DNA damage and apoptosis. Mechanistic studies revealed that PCFNPs activate the YAP1-TWIST1 signaling axis, regulating the expression of key genes in the ECM-receptor interaction pathway (Col1a1, Col1a2, Ibsp, Tnc), thereby repairing the bone marrow microenvironment. Safety evaluation showed no significant toxicity at high doses of PCFNPs. This study is the first to reveal that Cornus officinalis nanoparticles alleviate myelosuppression via the YAP/TWIST-ECM axis, providing a new mechanism and strategy for nanomedicine-based treatment in traditional Chinese medicine.