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microRNA-132 attenuates inflammation in induced pluripotent stem-cell derived microglia from Alzheimer’s disease patients

GSE324961 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 95 samples Submitted 2026/03/21 Platform GPL28337
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 95 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
95 samples: 19 conditions, mostly with about 5 replicates eachGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
microRNA-132 attenuates inflammation in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia from Alzheimer's disease patientsActa neuropathologica communications · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, are increasingly recognized as key contributors to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Multiple studies have identified microRNA-132 (miR-132) as one of the most significantly downregulated microRNAs in AD. Apart from well-established pleiotropic regulatory functions in neurons, previous evidence also suggested a role for miR-132 in regulating (neuro)inflammation.
Read the full summary ↓
Yet, the precise mechanisms by which miR-132 impacts microglia remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-132 in modulating microglial gene expression and function using gain- and loss-of-function approaches in human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived microglia (iMGs) from both healthy controls and sporadic AD (sAD) patients. Our findings indicate that while miR-132 may not be indispensable for some baseline microglial functions, increasing its expression in sAD iMGs can reverse disease-associated gene expression changes and attenuate inflammatory responses. To further explore its therapeutic potential, we overexpressed miR-132 in hippocampal neurons of an AD mouse model, employing a clinically relevant adeno-associated viral (AAV) delivery method. miR-132 overexpression was well-tolerated and induced non-cell autonomous effects in microglia. This study sheds light into the regulatory role of miR-132 in microglia under both physiological and AD conditions, and emphasizes the importance of optimizing safe dosage parameters for future clinical applications.
Published in
microRNA-132 attenuates inflammation in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia from Alzheimer's disease patients
Penning A, Snoeck S, Ormaechea OR et al. · Acta neuropathologica communications 2026 · PMID 41794876 · doi:10.1186/s40478-026-02228-8
This dataset
Open GSE324961 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE324961_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1438155 and SRA study SRP684096. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 41794876) ↗
Study design
19 conditions, mostly with about 5 replicates each
healthy control iMGs line 205, knockdown, aso, ×5 healthy control iMGs line 205, knockdown, con… ×5 healthy control iMGs line 205, overexpression… ×5 healthy control iMGs line 205, overexpression… ×5 healthy control iMGs line 205, baseline, ×5 healthy control iMGs line 602, overexpression… ×5 healthy control iMGs line 602, overexpression… ×5 healthy control iMGs line 602, baseline, ×5 +11 more

Supports a case/control comparison: 10 samples read as cases, 25 as controls.

How we read this: 19 replicated groups read from 95 sample titles; they account for 95 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study

+ 55 more — browse all 95 samples with per-sample file links →

Datasets on a similar topic

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