← BioTransfer GEO Dataset Finder
GEO series

Dihydrotestosterone Supplementation in P301S Female Mice Exacerbates Tauopathy and Microgliosis via the TR4-Trem2 axis

GSE329321 Mus musculus (mouse) RNA-seq (gene expression) 10 samples Submitted 2026/08/05 Platform GPL24247
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · mouse · 10 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples
10 samples: 10 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groupsGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
A non-canonical androgen signaling pathway drives microglial activation and tau pathology in femalesResearch square · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Alzheimer's disease (AD) disproportionately affects women, who exhibit greater vulnerability to Tau pathology and neuroinflammation. While estrogen and progesterone have been extensively studied in this context, the effects of androgens on female AD pathophysiology are largely unexplored. Here, we report that supplementation with the non-aromatizable androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) exacerbates Tau pathology in female tauopathy models, with microglia as a main driver of this effect.
Read the full summary ↓
DHT treatment upregulates proinflammatory gene expression in microglia and promotes the disease-associated microglia (DAM) phenotype. Genetic deletion of Trem2 prevented DHT-driven neuroinflammation and Tau pathology exacerbation. Surprisingly, canonical androgen receptor (AR) signaling is dispensable for these DHT-induced effects in microglia. We identified an orphan nuclear receptor, TR4, as a mediator of DHT-driven effects through its transcriptional regulation of Trem2 in microglia. Moreover, TR4 protein levels are elevated in postmortem brain tissue from Braak stage 6 female AD patients and correlate with p-Tau levels. Together, our findings identify a non-canonical DHT–TR4–Trem2 signaling axis in microglia and position TR4 as a previously unrecognized regulator of neuroinflammation in female neurodegeneration, providing mechanistic insights into sex-specific vulnerabilities in AD. This GEO record is for the hippocampal bulk RNA sequencing data generated for our hormonal treatment paradigm.
Published in
A non-canonical androgen signaling pathway drives microglial activation and tau pathology in females
Chen X, Munoz-Mayorga D, Lyu X et al. · Research square 2026 · PMID 42523519 · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10286730/v1
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE329321_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1458650 and SRA study SRP695562. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
10 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groups

Any grouping that defines a comparison lives in the sample characteristics, which GEO records separately from the titles.

How we read this: Read from 10 sample titles: 10 distinct titles with little repetition. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
Datasets on a similar topic

Search all mouse RNA-seq datasets in GEO →

Share this dataset

Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.